摘要
【目的】基于农业碳计量学方法对种养复杂系统全生命周期固碳减排效果的综合评估,是从全产业链视角开展我国低碳农作制度设计和优化的基础。本研究比较了5种系统情景及其对应的种养循环产业链碳足迹评估框架,以期为国内外低碳农作制度创建提供科学、合理、可用的方法学借鉴。【方法】研究基于ISO 14040发布的产品全生命周期碳足迹评价框架,结合IPCC提供的农田和养殖业温室气体核算体系,在不同的系统边界下,构建种养循环农作制度碳足迹评估框架,并以华南热作区鲜食玉米-奶牛-粪便还田循环模式为实证研究对象开展评估效果验证。【结果】评估框架明确了种养循环和分离模式全产业链都包含有农资投入、农田种植、动物养殖、粪便管理、运输和土壤碳汇变化等6个核算环节,并对各环节的碳计量学逻辑及其碳足迹核算方法进行了分析。案例结果表明,鲜食玉米-奶牛-粪便还田种养循环模式全生命周期碳足迹比分离模式降低了34.44%,表现出更好的固碳减排效果。评估框架对种养“耦合”或“脱耦”后对上游农资生产及运输环节的“间接排放”,以及下游产业链饲料替代和废弃物循环利用的“替代性减排”特征能够充分体现,实景系统田间实测数据和调研数据与背景系统的模型评估参数相结合,所得评估结果更加贴近种养循环农作制度的生产实际。【结论】本研究构建的种养循环农作制度碳足迹评估框架,能够在全生命周期视角和合理的系统边界下,进行种养产业链循环和分离系统固碳减排效果的综合评估,并提供优化方向。
【Objective】Based on scientific agricultural carbon assessment method, the comprehensive assessment of the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of the whole life cycle of complex integrated cropping-breeding farming system is the basis for the design and optimization of low-carbon farming system in China from the perspective of the whole industry chain. This study compared five system scenarios and their corresponding carbon footprint assessment frameworks for crop-livestock cycle industry chain, intending to provide the scientific, reasonable and usable methodological references for the creation of low-carbon farming systems. 【Method】A carbon footprint accounting based on life cycle assessment published by ISO 14040 and greenhouse gas accounting provided by IPCC were combined to construct a carbon footprint evaluation framework for the integrated cropping-breeding farming systems under the different system boundaries. The Maize-Cow-Recycling Manure model in tropical crop areas of South China was used as case to validate the effect of the proposed accounting framework. 【Result】 The assessment framework clarified that the whole chain of the integrated and separated crop-livestock models both had six accounting links,including agricultural inputs, crop cultivation, animal breeding, manure management, transportation, and soil carbon sink.Furthermore, the carbon measurement logic of each link and its carbon footprint accounting method were analyzed. The case results showed that the whole-life carbon footprint of the integrated crop-livestock model was 34.44% lower than that of the separated model, showing better carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect. The assessment framework could fully reflect the "indirect emissions" of upstream agricultural production and transportation, as well as the "alternative emissions reduction" of downstream feed substitution and waste recycling after "coupling" or "decoupling" of farming. In addition, the evaluation results were more closely related to the actual production of the farming system in the integrated cropping-breeding farming system by combing the field measurement data and research data, as well as the model evaluation parameters of the background system.【Conclusion】The carbon footprint assessment framework of farming systems in the integrated cropping-breeding farming system constructed was able to conduct a comprehensive carbon sequestration and emission reduction effects of the industrial chain in integrated and separated systems under the whole life cycle perspective and reasonable system boundary, which provided directions for optimization.
作者
陈晓炜
王小龙
CHEN XiaoWei;WANG XiaoLong(College of Agriculture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642)
出处
《中国农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期314-332,共19页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
基金
广州市科技计划项目(202102021178)
广东省科技创新战略专项(pdjh2022b0083)。
关键词
碳足迹
生命周期评价
种养循环
低碳农作制度
系统边界
核算框架
carbon footprint
life cycle assessment
crop-livestock integrated system
low-carbon farming system
system boundary
accounting framework
