摘要
为在牦牛养殖中合理使用狼尾草属杂交牧草提供理论指导,本研究通过体外方法 对狼尾草属杂交牧草进行营养价值评定并与全株玉米青贮作比较,探究狼尾草属杂交牧草在牦牛养殖中的应用价值。本研究通过以下三方面进行:(1)比较两种粗饲料的常规营养成分;(2)应用CNCPS体系评价并比较两种粗饲料的营养价值;(3)应用体外产气技术测定并比较两种粗饲料的体外发酵产气量和养分降解率。结果表明:(1)狼尾草属杂交牧草的粗脂肪、粗蛋白质、淀粉和磷的含量均极显著低于全株玉米青贮(P <0.01),分别低55%、25%、51%和46%。狼尾草属杂交牧草的酸性洗涤纤维和中性洗涤纤维含量都极显著高于全株玉米青贮(P <0.01),分别高44%和67%。狼尾草属杂交牧草的非蛋白氮和中性洗涤不溶性蛋白含量都显著高于全株玉米青贮(P <0.05),分别高38%和59%。(2)CNCPS评定结果表明,在碳水化合物组分中,狼尾草属杂交牧草的中速降解部分和非结构性碳水化合物含量分别低于全株玉米青贮50%和50%且差异极显著(P <0.01),慢速降解部分含量比全株玉米青贮高78%且差异显著(P <0.05)。蛋白质各组分中,狼尾草属杂交牧草的非蛋白氮和中速降解蛋白质的含量分别比全株玉米青贮低27%和72%且差异显著(P <0.05)。(3)两种粗饲料在12~72 h产气量差异极显著(P <0.01),狼尾草属杂交牧草的72 h产气量为59.28 mL,比全株玉米青贮少45%。狼尾草属杂交牧草的体外干物质降解率比全株玉米青贮低24%且差异显著(P <0.05)。狼尾草属杂交牧草组平均p H为6.75,全株玉米青贮组平均p H为6.61,两者差异显著(P <0.05)。综上,狼尾草属杂交牧草总体上相比全株玉米青贮营养价值较低,且被瘤胃微生物消化和利用效果不如全株玉米青贮,但狼尾草属杂交牧草的高产量、多次刈割及价格优于全株玉米青贮,仍可作为反刍动物养殖中一种可选择的粗饲料资源。
In order to provide theoretical guidance for rational use of Pennsylvania hybrid herbage in yak breeding,this study evaluated the nutritional value of Pennsylvania hybrid herbage by in vitro method and compared it with the whole corn silage to explore the application value of Pennsylvania hybrid herbage in yak breeding.This study was carried out in the following three aspects:(1) Comparing the conventional nutrients of the two roughages;(2) CNCPS system was used to evaluate and compare the nutritional value of the two roughages;(3) Gas production and nutrient degradation rates of the two roughages by in vitro fermentation were measured and compared using in vitro gas production technology.The results showed as follows:(1) The contents of crude fat,crude protein,starch and phosphorus in Pennsylvania hybrid herbage were significantly lower than those in whole corn silage(P < 0.01),which were 55%,25%,51% and 46% lower,respectively.The acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber contents of Pennsylvania hybrid herbage were significantly higher than that of whole corn silage(P < 0.01),which were 44% and 67% higher,respectively.The contents of non-protein nitrogen and neutral detergent insoluble protein of Pennsylvania hybrid herbage were significantly higher than that of whole corn silage(P < 0.05),which were 38% and 59% higher,respectively.(2) CNCPS evaluation results showed that the carbohydrate content of intermediate degradation part and non-structural carbohydrate content of Pennsylvania hybrid herbage was 50% and 50% lower than that of whole corn silage(P< 0.01),respectively,and the content of slow degradation part was 78% higher than that of whole corn silage(P< 0.05).In terms of protein components,the content of non-protein nitrogen and medium degraded protein of Pennsylvania hybrid herbage were 27% and 72% lower than that of whole corn silage,respectively,and the difference was significant(P < 0.05).(3) There was a significant difference in gas production between the two roughages at 12 ~ 72 h(P < 0.01).The gas production at 72 h of Pennsylvania hybrid herbage was 59.28 mL,45% less than that of whole corn silage.In vitro dry matter degradation rate of Pennsylvania hybrid herbage was24% lower than that of whole corn silage,and the difference was significant(P < 0.05).The average pH of Pennsylvania hybrid herbage was 6.75,and that of whole corn silage was 6.61,the difference was significant(P <0.05).In conclusion,the nutrition value of Pennsylvania hybrid herbage lower than whole corn silage on the whole,and digestion by rumen microbes and the use effect lower than whole corn silage,but Pennsylvania hybrid herbage yield,multiple mowing and price advantage was significantly better than that of the whole corn silage,still could be used as an alternative roughage ruminant animal breeding resources.
作者
姜菲
高馨雨
于星宇
索朗旦增
胡志斌
王晨曦
周浩珍
彭忠利
JIANG Fei;GAO Xinyu;YU Xingyu;SUOLANG Wangmu;HU Zhibin;GAO Yanhua;BAI Xue;PENG Zhongli(College of Animal and Veterinary Sciences,Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resources Reservation and Utilization,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu,Sichuan Province 610041,China)
出处
《中国饲料》
北大核心
2023年第3期124-130,共7页
China Feed
基金
四川省科技计划项目“优质肉牛高效安全生产技术研发与产业化示范”(2018NZ0002)
国家现代农业产业技术体系四川肉牛创新团队建设项目(sccxtd-2020-13)。
