摘要
为解决硬质聚氨酯(RPUF)阻燃性能较差的问题,利用改性木质素磺酸钠(SLS)部分替代聚氨酯的原料聚醚多元醇,并将纳米SiO_(2)和聚磷酸铵(APP)按不同比例加入硬质聚氨酯(RPUF)材料中,进行协同阻燃,制得复合RPUF材料。结果表明,当APP、纳米SiO_(2)添加量分别为25.0%、1.0%,羟甲基木质素磺酸钠(HLS)的添加量为4%时,复合材料的极限氧指数达到最大,其值为27.2%;抗压缩强度可达1.1 MPa,与纯聚氨酯(0.43 MPa)相比,提高了159.3%;最高热释放量(PHRR)和总烟释放量(TSR)分别降低了51.5%和32.5%。通过分析燃烧后残炭的微观形貌可知,与纯聚氨酯相比,添加了协同阻燃剂的聚氨酯材料的残炭更加密实,孔洞更小,这表明,添加了协同阻燃剂的聚氨酯材料的阻燃效果更好,纳米SiO_(2)和APP起到了协同阻燃作用。
To improve the poor flame retardancy of rigid polyurethane(RPUF),modified sodium lignosulfonate(SLS)was used to partially replace polyether polyol the raw material of polyurethane,nano-SiO_(2)and ammonium polyphosphate(APP)were added to rigid polyurethane(RPUF)materials in different proportions for preparing composite RPUF materials.Various performance tests were then performed with the composite RPUF material.Results showed that the maximum limiting oxygen index of 27.2%could be reached when added APP concentration was at 25.0%,nano-SiO_(2)at 1.0%,and sodium hydroxymethyl lignosulfonate(HLS)at 4%respectively.At this maxima,the compressive strength could reach 1.1 MPa,which was 159.3%higher than the 0.43 MPa of pure polyurethane.The maximum heat release(PHRR)and total smoke release(TSR)were reduced by 51.5%and 32.5%respectively.Analysis of the microscopic morphology of the carbon residue after combustion shows that,compared with pure polyurethane,the polyurethane material with synergistic flame retardant had denser carbon residue,smaller pores,and better flame retardant effect.Nano SiO_(2)and APP played a good synergistic flame retardant effect.
作者
薛建英
徐开玉
孟繁敏
雷昊
XUE Jianying;XU Kaiyu;MENG Fanmin;LEI Hao(College of Science,North University of China,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030000,China)
出处
《塑料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期19-23,29,共6页
Plastics
基金
山西省应用基础研究计划(201901D111134)。
关键词
硬质聚氨酯
木质素磺酸钠
纳米SiO_(2)
聚磷酸铵
协同阻燃
rigid polyurethane
sodium lignosulfonate
nano-SiO_(2)
ammonium polyphosphate
synergistic flame retardant
