摘要
重金属污染严重威胁水环境安全,研究重金属污染赋存状况并评估其生态风险有利于重金属污染防治。鄱阳湖是中国第一大淡水湖,研究鄱阳湖的重金属污染赋存及生态风险对淡水湖泊重金属污染防治具有重要意义。本文以鄱阳湖表层沉积物中6种典型重金属为研究对象,通过文献数据收集的方法,探究重金属污染赋存情况并进行生态风险评估。研究表明,表层沉积物中6种重金属只有Cd大于风险筛选值,其年际均值超过风险筛选值0.373倍;各重金属的污染程度排序为Cu>Cd>Pb>As>Zn>Cr,其中Cu、Cd和Pb为综合潜在生态风险指数(RI)的主要贡献指标,贡献度高达97.97%;单项重金属的潜在生态风险指数(E_(r)^(i))变化趋势显示,Cu、Pb已经得到较为有效的控制,而Cd的污染防控还需要加强。RI年均值为129.67,属中等程度,大体呈现先降低后升高的变化趋势。
Heavy metal pollution seriously threatens the safety of water environment,and studying the occurrence of heavy metal pollution and assessing its ecological risk are conducive to the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution.Poyang Lake is the largest freshwater lake in China,it is of great significance to study the occurrence and ecological risk of heavy metal pollution in Poyang Lake for the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in freshwater lakes.In this paper,six typical heavy metals in the surface sediments of Poyang Lake are taken as the research object,through the method of literature data collection,the occurrence of heavy metal pollution is explored and the ecological risk assessment is carried out.The research shows that only Cd of the six heavy metals in surface sediments is greater than the risk screening value,and its annual average value is 0.373 times higher than the risk screening value;the pollution degree of each heavy metal is ranked as Cu>Cd>Pb>As>Zn>Cr,among which Cu,Cd and Pb are the main contribution indicators of the comprehensive potential ecological risk index (RI),with the contribution rate as high as 97.97%;the change trend of potential ecological risk index (E_(r)^(i)) of single heavy metals shows that Cu and Pb have been effectively controlled,while the prevention and control of Cd pollution need to be strengthened.The annual average RI is 129.67,which is of medium degree,showing a trend of decreasing first and then increasing.
作者
李正则
张博鑫
卢洪斌
LI Zhengze;ZHANG Boxin;LU Hongbin(College of Geographical Science,Harbin Nonnal University,Harbin 150025,China;Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,National Engineering Laboratory of Lake Water Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration Technology,State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Beijing 100012,China)
出处
《中国资源综合利用》
2023年第1期134-139,147,共7页
China Resources Comprehensive Utilization
关键词
鄱阳湖
表层沉积物
重金属污染
生态风险评估
Poyang Lake
surface sediments
heavy metal pollution
ecological risk assessment
