摘要
位处城镇化快速发展阶段的中国,在全球化与区域一体化浪潮中涌现了一批收缩城市、且这种趋势尚在不断加剧,引发了学术界对收缩城市发展效应的探索。本文从城市集约用地视角,结合城市土地集约度指标(城市收缩效应越显著、土地集约度越低,城市收缩效应越不显著、土地集约度越高),以城市收缩最具代表性和典型性的东北三省为例、运用比较归纳分析法对2010—2019年间东北三省收缩城市的集约用地收缩效应及其阶段性、类型性和空间分布特征进行了诊断与揭示。结果表明:①东北三省15个收缩城市存在集约用地的收缩效应及其类型性和阶段性发展特征,对应的土地集约度平均得分呈现出:“非收缩城市>收缩城市、综合型收缩城市>资源依赖型收缩城市>虹吸型收缩城市>区位制约型收缩城市、收缩初期城市>收缩中期城市>收缩后期城市”的发展特征;②土地集约格局与城市收缩识别的空间分布具有高度一致性:集约度低等级城市全部属于收缩城市、集约度高等级城市属于非收缩城市,整体呈现出“核心-外围”+“南高北低”的空间特征;③城市收缩是发展要素流失→城市发展能力削弱、空间生产效率降低的结果,通过“投入-产出”对城市土地集约利用水平产生耦合效应;故此认为集约用地评价指标应统筹考虑体现发展要素“外流”等收缩内涵的变量指标和发展效益常年积累的存量指标的有机结合,并以此为依据解释收缩城市的集约用地收缩效应的阶段性、类型性和空间分布格局的发展特征。城市收缩是一个复杂的社会经济现象与发展问题,其对城市的作用效应及其形成机理等还需要更丰富的研究成果来支撑,以适应东北全面振兴“十四五”规划蓝图的空间落实。
In China, which is in the stage of rapid urbanization, a number of shrinking cities have emerged in the wave of globalization and regional integration, and this trend is still intensifying, which has triggered the exploration of the development effects of shrinking cities in academic circles. From the perspective of urban intensive land use, combined with urban land intensity indexes( more significant urban shrinkage effect, lower land intensity;less significant urban shrinkage effect, higher land intensity), this paper takes the Northeast China with the most representative and typical urban shrinkage as examples, and uses the comparative inductive analysis method to diagnose and reveal the intensive land shrinkage effects and its stage, types and spatial distribution characteristics during 2010-2019. The results show that:(1)The 15 shrinking cities of the three provinces in Northeast China have the shrinkage effects of urban intensive land use, and have the characteristics of type and stage development, the corresponding average score of land intensity shows: non-shrinking cities > shrinking cities,comprehensive-shrinking cities > resource-dependent shrinking cities > siphonic-shrinking cities > location-constrained shrinking cities, initial shrinkage > mid-term shrinkage > late shrinkage.(2) The pattern of land intensification is highly consistent with the spatial distribution of urban shrinkage identification: the cities included in the lowest level of intensification are all shrinking cities, and the cities included in the highest level of intensification are non-shrinking cities, showing the spatial characteristics of "core-periphery" + "high in the south and low in the north".(3) The phenomenon of urban shrinkage affects the volume of elements "flow" and is transmitted through the "input-output" chain, which has an impact on the urban land intensity. Therefore, the evaluation indicators of intensive land use embraces the combination of the variable indicators reflecting the connotation of shrinkage such as the "outflow" of development elements and the stock indicators accumulated over the years of development benefits. Then based on this, the development characteristics of the stage,type and spatial distribution pattern of intensive land use effect of shrinking cities are explained. Urban shrinkage is a complex socio-economic phenomenon and development problem. The mechanism and effects on cities still need to be supported by richer research results in order to adapt to the spatial implementation of the 14th Five-Year Plan blueprint(2021-2025) for the comprehensive revitalization in Northeast China.
作者
孙平军
彭雅丽
周馨雨
SUN Pingjun;PENG Yali;ZHOU Xinyu(School of Geographical Sciences,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)
出处
《地理研究》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第1期106-122,共17页
Geographical Research
基金
教育部人文社会科学基金项目(21XJC790010)
重庆英才基金项目(2021YC024)
中央高校基金项目(SWU2209223)。
关键词
收缩城市
收缩效应
集约用地
东北三省
shrinking cities
shrinkage effects
intensive land use
three provinces of Northeast China
