摘要
滇东北是中国西南典型的土壤重金属高背景地区,土壤中重金属普遍富集,土壤重金属分布和区域内农作物的安全性值得关注.根据滇东北土壤成土母质分区,以1137组农作物和对应的根系土壤为研究对象,采用元素赋存形态分析和慢性健康风险评价法开展土壤-作物系统重金属累积特征和农作物健康风险评价.结果表明,铅锌矿集区土壤Cd和Pb重金属均高于《土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准》(GB 15618-2018)土壤污染管制值,其余母质区土壤Cd介于筛选-管制缓冲区内,Pb则低于最低土壤风险筛选值.依据《食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量》(GB 2762-2017),区内土豆和黄豆中重金属Cd超标严重,苦荞和核桃中重金属Pb超过限量值,农作物重金属Cd超标率为:碎屑岩母质区>玄武岩母质区>铅锌矿集区>碳酸盐岩母质区≈第四系沉积物区>砂(泥)岩母质区.同时,根据美国环保署对于人体摄入重金属慢性健康风险评估方法可知,谷薯类主食和水果类均存在重金属摄入慢性健康低风险,其中碎屑岩母质区、砂(泥)岩母质区、第四系沉积物区和铅锌矿集区这4个区域内农作物显示较高的人体健康风险,且随着土壤理化性质改变和食用农作物种类的增加,风险将逐渐增大.
This study used both the element occurrence form analysis and the chronic health risk assessment method to investigate the accumulation characteristics of heavy metals in the soil-crop system and the health risk assessment of agricultural products in northeastern Yunnan,which is a typical area of Southwest China where heavy metals are enriched in soil.Based on the study of 1137 groups of agricultural products and corresponding root soils,the results showed that the soil cadmium(Cd)and lead(Pb)in the lead-zinc ore concentration area were higher than the risk-intervention values of the“Soil Environmental Quality Risk control standard for soil contamination of agricultural land”(GB 15618-2018),whereas the soil Cd in the other parent material areas was within the screening-intervention buffer zone,and Pb was below the minimum risk-screening value.According to the National Food Safety Standard of China(GB 2762-2017),the heavy metal Cd in potatoes and soybeans in the area seriously exceeded the standard,the heavy metal Pb in tartary buckwheat and walnut exceeded the limit value,and the exceeding rate of heavy metal Cd in crops from these parent material areas showed:clastic rock>basalt>lead-zinc ore>carbonate≈Quaternary sedimentary>sand(mud)rock.According to the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency’s assessment method for the chronic health risk of heavy metal intake by humans,the grains and potatoes,staple foods,and fruits had low chronic health risks of heavy metal intake.Agricultural products from the parent material area of clastic rock,sand(mud)rock,Quaternary sedimentary,and lead-zinc ore concentration showed health risks;with the change in soil physical and chemical properties and the increase in the types of edible crops,the risk will gradually increase.Based on this research,it is urgent to carry out real-time monitoring of agricultural products in the area.
作者
陈子万
许晶
侯召雷
彭敏
杨帆
陈杰
徐永强
杨树云
李家云
于林松
CHEN Zi-wan;XU Jing;HOU Zhao-lei;PENG Min;YANG Fan;CHEN Jie;XU Yong-qiang;YANG Shu-yun;LI Jia-yun;YU Lin-song(Yunnan Institute of Geological Survey,Kunming 650216,China;School of Earth Sciences,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;Applied Nuclear Technology in Geosciences Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;Key Laboratory of Sanjiang Metallogeny and Resources Exploration and Utilization,MNR,Kunming 650051,China;Institute of Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang 065000,China)
出处
《环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第1期405-414,共10页
Environmental Science
基金
自然资源部中国地质调查局地质调查项目(121201108000150008-04,DD20160313-04,DD20190522-01-1,DD20190522-06-1)
地学核技术重点实验室四川省重点实验室开放基金项目(gnzds201906)
云南省基础研究计划项目(2019FD064)。
