摘要
【目的】基于当前国家文化公园建设背景,面向红色文化密集区域的景观资源系统识别、协同演进与提质增效,深入开展长征沿线景观微域研判及其空间演进研究,已经成为当前长征国家文化公园空间建设发展的现实基础,相关方法与技术亟待挖掘。【方法】通过构建红色景观微域“识别-涵化”研究框架,以红25军长征沿线为例,建立红色景观微域解析要素体系,探析景观微域识别及微域涵化的关联方法与基础技术,并结合红25军长征典型区段分析研讨长征线路微域涵化效应与建设策略。【结果】研究发现在微域要素系统识别基础上,结合最小累积阻力模型、加权因子叠加法、微域涵化评估体系与三维矩阵模型可有效开展长征沿线红色景观微域识别与分类评估。【结论】研究为长征国家文化公园中红色景观的资源管控与传承发展提供分析途径,助力景观资源有序演进与高质量发展。
[Objective]Based on the current construction background of national cultural parks in China,sustainable and high-quality development represented by the Long March,the Great Wall,the Yangtze River,the Yellow River and the Grand Canal has become an epochal proposition of Chinese landscape research and practice.In view of the necessity for systematic identification,collaborative evolution,and quality and efficiency improvement of regional landscape with typical red-culture characteristics,the in-depth research on the microdomain analysis and spatial evolution mechanism of red landscape along the Long March has become the realistic basis for the current spatial construction and development of the Long March National Cultural Park.Microdomain has become one of the interdisciplinary concepts in current landscape theory,which refers to the basic regional range that constitutes the in situ landscape system.Evolving from the original environment under the combined action of ecological,social,cultural and other factors,microdomain has the attributes of locality,diachrony and entirety.The coordinated development of landscape management and multi-source spatial data fusion provides theoretical support for spatial simulation and analytical approach for microdomain identification and acculturation of red landscapes along the Long March route.[Methods]This research constructs a research framework of“identificationacculturation”for red landscape microdomain.Taking the Long March route of the 25th Red Army as an example,the research,targeting the intensive red landscape resources and the integration between them and the natural and built environments along the Long March route,establishes an element identification system for red landscape microdomain that integrates multi-source heterogeneous data.Then,the research expounds on the correlation method and basic technology for microdomain identification and acculturation,and subsequently puts forward the construction strategy for microdomain in combination with the acculturation effect of red landscape.The research mainly contains two stages:identification and determination of red landscape microdomain;spatial acculturation and assessment of red landscape microdomain.1)The research summarizes the resource elements of red landscape through such technical means as collecting red landscape samples,reviewing historical literature and sorting out spatial information data,and establishes an element identification system suitable for red landscape microdomain in combination with landscape type research.Based on the principles of iconicity and identity and the characteristics of relevance and spillover,the research has core landscape points and associated environmental elements identified and further loaded into the ArcGIS platform to complete data positioning,and develops a microdomain suitability analysis method based on the minimum cumulative resistance(MCR)model to analyze and determine microdomain suitability evaluation indexes,and quantify and generate microdomain spatial boundaries and their influence ranges.2)The research integrates the basic data about red landscape microdomain,establishes an assessment system for spatial acculturation characteristics of red landscape microdomain and,by the AHP entropy-weight method,calculates the factor weights for spatial acculturation in the assessment system.Besides,the research has the distance function introduced and superimposed with weighting factors,and establishes a three-dimensional matrix model by the factor superposition method to quantitatively evaluate the three dimensions of culture carrying,conservation value and spatial development.Additionally,the research determines the classification threshold of microdomains in combination with the natural breakpoint technology,based on which classifies microdomain types and proposes management policies.[Results]The results show that based on the systematic identification of microdomain elements,the simultaneous analysis involving the MCR model,the weighting factor superposition method,the acculturation evaluation system for landscape microdomain and the three-dimensional matrix model can effectively achieve microdomain identification and classification assessment of red landscape along the Long March route.Yujiahe and other research cases also show that the management of red landscape along the Long March route of the 25th Red Army should adhere to the principles such as protection priority,inheritance enhancement and development appropriateness.Relevant practice needs to be classified and controlled in combination with microdomain identification and acculturation assessment,so as to strengthen the original attributes of red landscape,thus improving the acculturation efficiency of microdomain,actualizing the potential of landscape conservation,and helping improve the quality and efficiency of Long March red landscape.Meanwhile,relevant researches on the new field of the national cultural park are both multistage and exploratory.A series of frontier issues,such as the contemporary annotation and development of core concepts,collaborative innovation of analysis system and methods,problem orientation and realistic appeals,decide that the microdomain system research still needs to be further explored.[Conclusion]This research and other relevant researches can provide technological approaches for the protection and development of red landscape resources,and provide foundation and referential methods for the construction and continuous improvement of the landscape microdomain system and the orderly evolution and high-quality development of the red landscape system under the mechanism of national cultural park in China.
作者
李哲
赵恒毅
曹银银
周正
LI Zhe;ZHAO Hengyi;CAO Yinyin;ZHOU Zheng(School of Architecture,Southeast University)
出处
《风景园林》
2023年第2期73-81,共9页
Landscape Architecture
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目“基于脑电‘唤醒-效价’情绪模型的生活街区消极空间数字制图及其景观提质研究——以南京为例”(编号52278051)
国家重点研发计划子课题“乡村生态景观环境管控技术研发”(编号2019YFD11004055)。
关键词
国家文化公园
红色景观
微域识别
微域涵化
最小累积阻力(MCR)模型
加权因子叠加法
长征
national cultural park
red landscape
microdomain identification
microdomain acculturation
minimum cumulative resistance(MCR)model
weighting factor superposition method
Long March
