摘要
长江流域已形成较为成熟的自然保护地体系,揭示各类自然保护地空间分布特征及其影响因素能为流域自然保护地的申报、管理、保护和可持续发展等方面提供科学依据。以长江流域5类数量众多的国家级自然保护地为研究对象,对数量、面积、地理集中度及核密度的空间分布格局展开分析,并对影响因子作深入探讨。结果表明:(1)长江流域国家级自然保护地在湖南、四川、江西、湖北、贵州数量较多,分别有152、141、125、98、73处。总面积上青海、四川、湖南、湖北、江西占有优势,分别达1974.16、389.39、92.41、73.91、64.35万km^(2)。(2)国家级自然保护区(7.10)、国家级风景名胜区(7.16)、国家级水利风景区(7.84)地理集中度指数均在湖南最高,国家级森林公园与国家级地质公园分别在江西(7.24)、贵州(4.01)地理集中度指数最高。(3)多距离空间聚类分析方法确定的长江流域五类国家级自然保护地,核密度分析的带宽值分别为20、20、20、25、25 km。国家级自然保护区空间分布呈现出“一横、两纵式”的格局,国家级风景名胜区呈现出“下游集聚、中游两组团、上游单热点”的格局,国家级森林公园呈现出“下游扎堆、中游三组团、上游单核心”的格局,国家级水利风景区呈现出“下游单核心、中游两组团、上游两热点”的格局,国家级地质公园呈现出“下游单组团、中上游一横两纵”的格局。(4)各类国家级自然保护地空间分布受到地形、植被、水资源、生物多样性、人口、土地、资金、交通、政策多种不同因素的综合影响。
A relatively mature system of nature protected areas has been formed in Yangtze Basin.Revealing spatial distribution characteristics of nature protected areas and influencing factors can provide a scientific basis for the declaration,management,protection and sustainable development of nature protected areas in the watershed.Taking five types of national nature protected areas with a large number of Yangtze Basin as the research object,the spatial distribution differences of their quantity,area,geographic concentration and kernel density were analyzed,and the impact factors were discussed in depth.The results showed that:(1)There are a large number of national nature protected areas in Hunan,Sichuan,Jiangxi,Hubei,and Guizhou,with 152,141,125,98,and 73 respectively.The total area of national nature protected areas of Qinghai,Sichuan,Hunan,Hubei,and Jiangxi has advantages,reaching 19741617,3893913,924177,739134,and 643504 km^(2) respectively.(2)National nature reserves(7.10),national scenic spots(7.16),and national water conservancy scenic areas(7.84)have the highest geographic concentration index in Hunan.National forest parks and national geological parks have the highest geographic concentration index in Jiangxi(7.24)and Guizhou(4.01)respectively.(3)The bandwidth value of the kernel density analysis for national nature reserves,national scenic spots,national forest parks,national water conservancy scenic spots,and national geological parks determined by the Ripley’s K method in Yangtze Basin are 20,20,20,20,25 km respectively.The spatial distribution of national nature reserves presents a pattern of one horizontal and two vertical strips.The spatial distribution of national scenic spots presents a pattern of one cluster in the lower reaches,two groups in the middle reaches,and a single hot core in the upper reaches.The spatial distribution of national forest parks presents a pattern of one cluster in the lower reaches,three clusters in the middle reaches,and a single core in the upper reaches.The spatial distribution of national water conservancy scenic spots presents a pattern of a single core in the lower reaches,two clusters in the middle reaches,and two cores in the upper reaches.The spatial distribution of national geological parks presents a pattern of one cluster in the lower reaches and one horizontal and two vertical strips in the middle and upper reaches.(4)The spatial distribution of various types of national nature protected areas is comprehensively affected by many different factors such as topography,vegetation,water resources,biodiversity,population,land,capital,transportation,and policy.
作者
杨阳
唐晓岚
YANG Yang;TANG Xiao-lan(College of landscape architecture,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;Academy of Chinese Ecological Progress and Forestry Studies,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)
出处
《长江流域资源与环境》
CAS
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第11期2430-2448,共19页
Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin
基金
江苏省普通高校学术学位研究生科研创新计划项目(SJKY19_0870)。
关键词
国家级自然保护地
空间分布特征
核密度
影响因子
长江流域
national nature protected areas
spatial distribution characteristics
kernel density
impact factor
Yangtze Basin
