摘要
目的了解上海市宝山区小学生视力不良变化情况,为相关部门开展儿童近视的综合防控提供理论依据。方法本研究为横断面研究。基于上海市宝山区2013—2019年小学生体检资料,采用描述性分析、χ^(2)检验及H检验对上海市宝山区小学生裸眼视力情况进行分析。结果本研究共纳入上海市宝山区小学生338105人次,其中男生为180691人次,女生157414人次。2013—2019年各年份视力不良检出率分别为44.5%(15961/35905)、50.3%(17978/35751)、49.8%(20800/41774)、51.0%(21555/42241)、52.5%(28270/53859)、53.0%(32808/61940)和53.2%(35472/66635)。各年份视力不良检出率随着年级的上升而增加(P<0.001),五年级学生视力不良率最高,为68.5%(40573/59272)。各年份视力不良的检出率存在性别差异,女生检出率高于男生(P<0.001)。在视力不良构成中,中度视力不良占比最高[男生为19.2%(34662/180691),女生为20.3%(31938/157414)],重度视力不良呈现逐年上升趋势(P<0.001)。结论2013—2019年上海市宝山区小学生视力不良检出率呈现逐年上升趋势,视力不良现状不容乐观。其中,重度视力不良需重点关注,在小学生中开展健康教育和综合防治,对于预防和控制该人群近视及其相关疾病具有重要意义。
Objective To understand the changes of poor eyesight in primary school students at Baoshan District,Shanghai,and to provide theoretical basis for relevant departments to carry out comprehensive prevention and control of children's myopia.Methods This was a cross-sectional study.Based on the physical examination data of the students at Baoshan District,Shanghai from 2013 to 2019,descriptive analysis,χ^(2) test,and H test were used to analyze the visual acuity of the primary school students at Baoshan District,Shanghai.Results A total of 338105 primary school students at Baoshan District were included in this study,including 180691 boys and 157414 girls.The rates of poor vision from 2013 to 2019 were 44.5%(15961/35905),50.3%(17978/35751),49.8%(20800/41774),51.0%(21555/42241),52.5%(28270/53859),53.0%(32808/61940),and 53.2%(35472/66635),respectively.The rate of poor eyesight in each year increased with the grades(P<0.001);the highest rate of poor eyesight in the fifth-grade students was 68.5%(40573/59272).There were gender differences in the rate of poor vision in each year;the rate of the girls was higher than that of the boys(P<0.001).Among the components of poor eyesight,moderate poor eyesight accounted for the highest proportion[19.2%(34662/180691)in the boys and 20.3%(31938/157414)in the girls];severe visual impairment showed an increasing trend year by year(P<0.001).Conclusions From 2013 to 2019,the rate of poor eyesight in primary school students at Baoshan District,Shanghai showed an increasing trend year by year;the current situation of poor eyesight is not optimistic.Severe poor vision needs to be paid attention to.It is of great significance to carry out health education and comprehensive prevention and treatment in primary school students for the prevention and control of myopia and related diseases.
作者
白汪洋
王维雪
吉伟
罗颖
刘国萍
李光萍
戎芬
Bai Wangyang;Wang Weixue;Ji Wei;Luo Ying;Liu Guoping;Li Guangping;Rong Fen(Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics,School of Public Health,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 201203,China;Health Management Center,Baoshan District Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital,Shanghai 201999,China;School of Basic Medicine,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 201203,China)
出处
《国际医药卫生导报》
2023年第4期471-475,共5页
International Medicine and Health Guidance News
基金
国家自然科学基金(81873236)
上海中医药大学预算内科研项目(2021LK004)
上海中医药大学公共健康学院学科建设专项项目(GJ202106)。
关键词
近视
视力不良
小学生
Myopia
Poor eyesight
Primary school students
