摘要
为探讨再生水回补条件下河流潜流带中的温度和渗流特性,以潜流带为研究背景,开展水温和水位实时监测,研究潜流带温度的时空分布特征及其影响因素;并分别用温度示踪法和水动力学法计算地下水流速,将计算结果进行对比分析。研究表明:包气带地温随深度增加呈现逐渐增加趋势,且变化剧烈,气温和土壤含水率是影响包气带地温的主要因素。地下水温度随深度变化规律与包气带地温相反,地下水温度随时间的波动性比包气带有所减弱,地下水温度呈随深度增加呈下降趋势。通过对比3种地下水流速结果发现,Hatch相位法得到的地下水流速值准确性相对较高,监测时段内的流速为6.34~8.36×10^(-5)m/s。在时间变化上,Hatch相位法和振幅法计算得到的流速值较水动力学法呈现一定滞后性;在空间上,流速变化规律相似,且潜流带地下水深度越大,流速越小。
Reclaimed water has been widely used to restore rivers and lakes in water scarce areas. The hyporheic layer, which is an important interface between the surface of the water and groundwater, is an active ecotone in a river ecosystem. In order to figure out the distribution of temperature and flow field of hyporheic layer in riparian zones under the influence of temperature water, a real-time monitoring of water temperature and water level was conducted from September 2013 to January 2014. The temporal and spatial variation of temperature in the hyporheic layer is analyzed in this study. The corresponding influencing factors are also discussed. Three different methods are used to calculate groundwater flow rate, including Hatch phase method, Hatch amplitude method and hydrodynamic method, respectively. The results of the calculation via different methods are compared and discussed. The results show that ground temperature of vadose zone increases gradually with the increase in soil depth, and it varies dramatically with time. Air temperature and water contents are the major factors affecting vadose zone temperature in the hyporheic layer. Groundwater temperature decreases with increased depth, and it changes gently with time. The variation trend of groundwater temperature with depth is different from that in the vadose zone temperature. The groundwater flow rate ranges from 6.34 to 8.36×10^(-5)m/s, 0.61 to 1.01×10^(-5)m/s and 6.74 to 7.74×10^(-5)m/s during the observation period, according to the Hatch phase method, Hatch amplitude method and hydrodynamic method, respectively.Compared to hydrodynamic method, groundwater flow rate obtained from the Hatch phase method and Hatch amplitude method shows a lag in time. Among three methods, the Hatch phase method has the highest accuracy. The results also show that the groundwater flow rate decreases with depth. For three different methods, the variations of groundwater flow rate show a similar trend. The study on hyporheic zones and hyporheic exchange mechanism will impose significant effects on assessing the development and utilization of water resources, and on maintaining and restoring the health of a river ecosystem.
作者
潘维艳
杨姗姗
刘俊锋
钱秀红
徐征和
PAN Wei-yan;YANG Shan-shan;LIU Jun-feng;QIAN Xiu-hong;XU Zheng-he(School of Water Conservancy and Environment,University of Jinan,Jinan 250022,Shandong Province,China;Shandong Water Conservancy Management and Service Center of Haihe-Huaihe-Xiaoqing River Basin,Jinan 250014,Shandong Province,China)
出处
《中国农村水利水电》
北大核心
2023年第2期121-127,共7页
China Rural Water and Hydropower
基金
小清河防洪综合治理工程科学研究试验项目(XQHFHZL-KY202003)
山东省自然基金项目(ZR2019BEE035)
济南大学博士基金项目(XBS1746)
济南大学科技计划项目(XKY1810)。
关键词
河流
潜流带
温度示踪
流速
river
hyporheic layer
temperature tracer
flow rate
