摘要
煤矿区矿井水处理及资源化利用是实现煤炭工业高质量发展与矿区生态文明建设双重目标的重要推力。在全球水资源短缺与生态环境保护的约束下,矿井水作为一种非常规水资源,其大规模处理与高效利用是未来发展的必然选择。文中从煤矿区矿井水水质特征出发,全面论述了矿井水水质形成机制与水质评价方法,并将矿井水水质形成划分为含水层水–岩作用和采空区水–岩作用2个阶段。系统分析了国内外含悬浮物矿井水、高矿化度矿井水、酸性矿井水及含特殊组分矿井水处理技术优缺点,重点阐述了含悬浮物矿井水高效旋流净化、高矿化度矿井水双极膜和膜蒸馏处理、酸性矿井水人工湿地处理的新技术。在总结国内外矿井水资源化利用现状的基础上,阐明了矿井水资源化利用的途径主要包括工业生产用水、生态用水、生活用水及热能利用4种。最后,提出了目前我国煤矿区矿井水处理及资源化利用存在的问题及科学思考,建立了矿井水处理及资源化利用概念模型,通过不断推进矿井水处理及资源化利用技术研发,提高矿井水资源综合利用率,解决煤矿区水资源供需矛盾,促进社会经济增长、煤炭资源开发与矿区生态文明建设三者之间的协同发展。
The treatment and resourceful utilization of mine water is an important thrust to achieve the dual goals of highquality development of coal industry and ecological civilization construction in mining area. The decision to effectively treat and use mine water as an unconventional water resource will inevitably be made in the future due to the restrictions of a global water resource deficit and ecological environment protection. From the standpoint of the quality features of mine water in various mining sites, the formation mechanism and evaluation techniques of mine water quality were completely detailed here. Meanwhile, there were two stages in the establishment of mine water quality: water-rock interaction in aquifer and water-rock interaction in goaf. Additionally, systematically examined domestic and foreign characteristics of treatment systems for mine water containing suspended solids, highly mineralized mine water, acidic mine water and mine water containing special components. The new technologies for efficient cyclone purification of mine water including suspended solids, bipolar membrane and membrane distillation treatment of high-mineralized mine water,and built wetland treatment of acidic mine water were all vehemently discussed. The means of resourceful usage of mine water at home and abroad, including industrial production water, ecological water utilization, domestic water and heat energy utilization, were based on the summary of the current situation of mine water resource utilization at home and abroad. Finally, the problems and scientific considerations of mine water treatment and resource utilization in China’s coal mining areas are put forward, and concept of mine water treatment and resource utilization is established. Moreover,the technological research and development for treatment and resourceful utilization of mine water was promoted constantly to improve the comprehensive utilization rate of mine water resource, so as to solve the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources in coal mining area and realize the coordinated development of social and economic growth, exploitation of coal resource and ecological civilization construction of mining area.
作者
王皓
董书宁
尚宏波
王甜甜
杨建
赵春虎
张全
周振方
刘基
侯悦
WANG Hao;DONG Shuning;SHANG Hongbo;WANG Tiantian;YANG Jian;ZHAO Chunhu;ZHANG Quan;ZHOU Zhenfang;LIU Ji;HOU Yue(CCTEG Xi’an Research Institute(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710077,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Technology for Coal Mine Water Hazard,Xi’an 710077,China;China Coal Research Institute,Beijing 100013,China)
出处
《煤田地质与勘探》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第1期222-236,共15页
Coal Geology & Exploration
基金
中国煤炭科工集团有限公司科技创新创业资金专项重点项目(2022-2-TD-ZD005)
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2022JQ-471)
中煤科工西安研究院(集团)有限公司科技创新基金顶层设计项目(2020XAYDC03)。
关键词
水质特征
水质形成机制
矿井水处理
资源化利用
国内外进展
water quality characteristics
water quality formation mechanism
mine water treatment
resource utilization
domestic and foreign progress
