摘要
金属增材制造技术可用于大型、复杂高性能钛合金结构件的制备,在航空航天等领域具有显著的优势和巨大的发展潜力。虽然增材制造Ti-6Al-4V合金构件的强度已经能够超过锻件,但它仍存在内部孔隙、熔合不良、粗大的柱状晶及残余拉应力等问题,使其在疲劳性能上与锻件具有一定的差距。本文在介绍直接能量沉积、选区激光熔化和电子束选区熔化3种代表性增材制造技术的原理及特点的基础上,简述了3种工艺制备Ti-6Al-4V合金构件的微观组织、静态力学性能及低周疲劳性能的研究进展,重点讨论了打印方向、缺陷、显微组织和表面处理对低周疲劳性能的影响。分析了增材制造Ti-6Al-4V合金构件低周疲劳性能、拉伸性能与微观组织之间的内在关系,并对提高构件低周疲劳性能的方法和推动其广泛应用的发展方向进行展望。
Metal additive manufacturing technology can be used for the manufacture of large, complex, and high-performance titanium alloy structural parts, and has significant advantages and huge development potential in aerospace and other fields. Although the strength of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V alloy components has exceeded forgings, it has problems such as internal pores, poor fusion, coarse columnar crystals, and residual tensile stress, which lead to a certain gap in fatigue properties with forgings. The principles and characteristics of three representative additive manufacturing technologies were introduced, including directed energy deposition, selective laser melting, and electron beam melting. The microstructure, static mechanical properties, and low-cycle fatigue properties of Ti-6Al-4V alloy components manufactured by the three processes were briefly described. The effects of building direction, defects, microstructure, and surface treatment on low-cycle fatigue performance were discussed. The relationship among the low-cycle fatigue properties, tensile properties, and microstructures of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V alloy was analyzed. The possible methods to improve the low-cycle fatigue properties of components and the development direction of promoting their wide application were put forward.
作者
白澄岩
兰亮
辛如意
蒋露露
高双
何博
BAI Chengyan;LAN Liang;XIN Ruyi;JIANG Lulu;GAO Shuang;HE Bo(School of Materials Engineering,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China;Research Center of High-Temperature Alloy Precision Forming,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China)
出处
《材料科学与工艺》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第1期79-90,共12页
Materials Science and Technology
关键词
增材制造
钛合金
低周疲劳性能
微观组织
疲劳失效
additive manufacturing
titanium alloy
low-cycle fatigue property
microstructure
fatigue failure
