摘要
氢作为一种二次能源,其燃烧后的产物只有水,没有污染物以及碳排放,是真正清洁高效的新能源。氢能利用越来越受到重视,然而,氢能的长途、大规模运输的是一个迫切需要解决的难题。为此,以从挪威到中国和欧洲两条路线为例,分析了液氢和液态有机氢载体(LOHC)中的甲基环己烷(MCH)和十二氢-N-乙基咔唑(NEC)这3种氢能储运方式,设定了6条跨洋氢运输链,针对其中每个具体的环节选取了合理的数据进行理论计算并搭建能效分析模型,绘制出各条运输链的能流图,并对它们的能量效率和碳排放进行了比较分析。研究结果表明:(1) MCH运输链运输到欧洲和中国的能量效率分别是40.64%和35.84%,NEC运输链为39.43%和34.20%,均略高于液氢运输链的38.11%和33.73%;(2)在碳排放量方面,与液氢运输链(241.27和214.80 kg-CO_(2)/MWh)相比,MCH运输链(207.67和104.58 kg-CO_(2)/MWh)和NEC运输链(225.17和104.19 kg-CO_(2)/MWh)的碳排放量相近且较低。结论认为,液氢运输链未来需要进一步降低液化的能耗,LOHC运输链在提高系统能效和降低碳排放强度方面展现了更大的潜力,值得进一步研究应用。
Hydrogen,as a kind of secondary energy,only generates water without pollutants or carbon emission after combustion,so it is a truly clean and efficient new energy resource.The utilization of hydrogen energy gets more and more concerns,but its long-distance and large-scale transportation is an urgent problem to be solved.Taking the two routes from Norway to China and Europe respectively as examples,this paper analyzes three hydrogen energy storage&transportation modes,i.e.,liquid hydrogen and methylcyclohexane (MCH),and dodecahydro-N-ethylcarbazole (NEC) of liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC),and sets up six trans-ocean hydrogen transportation chains.Then,for each specific link,reasonable data are selected for theoretical calculation,and the energy efficiency analysis model is established.Finally,the energy flow diagram of each transportation chain is plotted,and their energy efficiencies and carbon emissions are comparatively analyzed.And the following research results are obtained.First,the energy efficiency of MCH transportation chain to Europe and China are 40.64%and 35.84%,respectively,and that of NEC transportation chain are 39.43%and 34.20%,respectively,which are slightly higher than that of liquid hydrogen transportation chain,i.e.,38.11%and 33.73%.Second,from the perspective of carbon emission,MCH transportation chain (207.67 and 104.58 kg-CO_(2)/MWh) and NEC transportation chain (225.17 and 104.19 kg-CO_(2)/MWh)are close,and they are lower than liquid hydrogen transportation chain (241.27 and 214.80 kg-CO_(2)/MWh).In conclusion,the energy consumption of liquefaction in liquid hydrogen transportation chain shall be reduced further in the future.What’s more,LOHC transportation chain has greater potential in improving system energy efficiency and reducing carbon emission intensity,which is worth further research and application.
作者
林文胜
刘洪茹
许婧煊
LIN Wensheng;LIU Hongru;XU Jingxuan(Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenic Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China;State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization//Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310027,China)
出处
《天然气工业》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期131-138,共8页
Natural Gas Industry
基金
能源清洁利用国家重点实验室开放基金课题“低温高压氢(CcH2)高密度氢能储运系统多目标耦合热力学优化研究”(编号:ZJUCEU2021014)。
关键词
天然气
氢运输链
液氢
液态有机氢载体
能效分析
碳排放
Natural gas
Hydrogen transportation chain
Liquid hydrogen
Liquid organic hydrogen carrier(LOHC)
Energy efficiency analysis
Carbon emission
