摘要
目的 了解江苏省东台市面向城乡社区糖尿病患者开展自我管理小组活动的效果,为进一步推广糖尿病患者自我管理项目提供科学依据。方法 2021年5-11月,在江苏省东台市选择城乡社区中的糖尿病患者432例,组建糖尿病患者自我管理小组并规范开展活动,利用中国疾病预防控制中心研发的调查问卷,对所有小组成员进行基线调查和效果评估调查。结果 自我管理小组活动后,糖尿病患者对空腹血糖范围、血压控制范围、超重标准、“三多一少”症状、健康饮食、有氧运动时间、糖尿病危害、并发症防治等8个知识点的知晓率高于活动前,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。患者在家中有血糖仪者、自测血糖频率(>1~3次/月)、掌握胰岛素注射方法、采取措施(药物、饮食等)控制血糖、掌握自我足部检查方法的比例明显高于活动前,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。参加活动后,患者总自我效能得分和饮食控制、运动锻炼、遵医服药、血糖监测、足部护理、高低血糖处理等6个分变量的自我效能得分均高于活动前,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。糖尿病患者空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖和糖化血红蛋白均高于活动前,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 自我管理小组活动在社区糖尿病患者管理中应用效果较好,能够提高患者防治知识知晓率,改变患者自我管理行为,改善患者血糖情况,可以在城乡社区大力推广。
Objective To understand the effect of self-management projects for diabetic patients in urban and rural communities in Dongtai city, so as to provide scientific basis for further promotion of self-management projects. Methods From May to November, 2021,432 diabetic patients in urban and rural communities were selected in Dongtai city, Jiangsu province, and a self-management group of diabetic patients was set up and standardized activities were carried out.The questionnaire developed by China Center for Disease Control and Prevention was used to conduct baseline survey and effect evaluation survey on all group members. Results After the self-management group activity, the awareness rate of diabetic patients about 8 knowledge points, including fasting blood sugar range, blood pressure control range, overweight standard, "3 more and 1 less" symptoms, healthy diet, aerobic exercise time, diabetes hazards, and prevention of complications, was higher than that before the activity, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The proportion of patients who had a blood glucose meter at home, self-measurement frequency(>1 to 3 times/month),mastered insulin injection method, took measures(medication, diet, etc.) to control blood glucose, and mastered self-foot examination method was significantly higher than that before the activity, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After participating in the activity, the patients’ total self-efficacy score and self-efficacy scores of 6 sub-variables including diet control, exercise, medication compliance, blood sugar monitoring, foot care, and high and low blood sugar treatment were all higher than those before the activity, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Fasting blood glucose, 2h postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin in diabetic patients were higher than those before exercise, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Self-management group activities have better application effect in the management of community diabetic patients, which can improve the awareness rate of patients’ knowledge of prevention and treatment, change the patients’ self-management behaviors, and improve the blood sugar conditions of patients.Self-management activities can be vigorously promoted in urban and rural communities.
作者
丁海健
赵建华
张学艳
刘付东
DING Hai-jian;ZHAO Jian-hua;ZHANG Xue-yan;LIU Fu-dong(Dongtai City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Dongtai,Jiangsu 224200,China;Jiangsu Medical Vocational College Medical Technology College;Yancheng City Center for Disease Control and Prevention)
出处
《预防医学论坛》
2023年第1期34-37,共4页
Preventive Medicine Tribune
基金
江苏省基层卫生发展研究项目(2017B01)
江苏省盐城市医学科技发展计划项目(YK2015033)。
关键词
糖尿病
城乡居民
自我管理
干预效果
Diabetes
Urban and rural residents
Self-management
Intervention effect
