摘要
目的 分析2019—2021年重庆市大足区1~7岁儿童水痘疫苗接种情况,为建立免疫屏障和控制水痘疫情提供依据。方法 通过预防接种信息系统收集2019—2021年水痘疫苗接种数据,采用EXCEL 2007和SPSS 19.0软件对数据进行描述流行病学分析。结果 共接种水痘疫苗18 065剂次,第一剂次和第二剂次的累计接种率分别为22.15%和12.74%;2019—2021年第一剂次接种率(估算接种率)分别为9.61%(62.41%)、10.90%(79.15%)和13.11%(93.63%),不同年度接种率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=292.485,P<0.05),第二剂次接种率(估算接种率)依次是5.01%(4.13%)、8.50%(10.52%)和12.35%(21.46%),不同年度第二剂次接种率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=272.049,P<0.05);第一剂次(χ^(2)=17.532)和第二剂次接种率(χ^(2)=496.704)城市和农村差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);7—9月接种剂次数最多、占32.33%,1—3月最少、占19.29%;2岁~组第一剂次接种数最多、占49.56%,接种率也最高(30.03%)。结论 大足区水痘疫苗接种率在逐步提高,但总体接种率水平较低,不足以形成有效地免疫保护屏障;应多途径地宣传水痘的危害和疫苗的有效性,开展针对水痘疫苗的催种和补种等措施,提高疫苗接种率。
Objective To analyze the vaccination of varicella in the children aged 1-7 years in Dazu district of Chongqing from 2019 to 2021, and provide evidence for establishing the immune barrier and controlling the epidemic of varicella.Methods The data of varicella vaccination from 2019 to 2021 were collected through vaccination information system, and analyzed with EXCEL 2007 and SPSS 19.0 software for descriptive epidemiological analysis. Results A total of 18 065doses of varicella vaccine were administered, with the cumulative coverage rates of the first dose(22.15%) and second doses(12.74%). From 2019 to 2021, the first dose vaccination rate(estimated vaccination rate) each year was 9.61%(62.41%), 10.90%(79.15%) and 13.11%(93.63%), respectively, with statistical difference(χ^(2)=292.485, P<0.05). The second dose vaccination rate(estimated vaccination rate) each year was 5.01%(4.13%), 8.50%(10.52%) and 12.35%(21.46%), respectively, with statistical difference(χ^(2)=272.049, P<0.05). The differences of first and second doses in urban(χ^(2)=17.532) and rural area(χ^(2)=496.704) were statistically significant(P<0.05). The number of inoculations was the most during July to September, accounting for 32.33%, and the least during January to March, accounting for 19.29%. The first dose inoculation was the most in the age group of 2 years, accounting for 49.56%, with the highest vaccination rate of 30.03%. Conclusions The vaccination rates of varicella vaccine are increasing step by step in Dazu district, but the overall vaccination rate is low, which is not enough to form the effective immune protection barrier. It is necessary to publicize the harm of varicella and the effectiveness of vaccine through multiple channels, and promote and reseed the varicella vaccination for improving the vaccination rate.
作者
王倩
李正强
李德俊
陈丽剑
廖洁
WANG Qian;LI Zheng-qiang;LI De-jun;CHEN Li-jian;LIAO Jie(The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Dazu District,Chongqing 402360,China)
出处
《疾病预防控制通报》
2022年第6期15-18,共4页
Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)
关键词
水痘
疫苗
接种率
儿童
Varicella
vaccine
Vaccination rate
Children
