摘要
以福建省连城县文坊稀土废弃矿区为研究对象,并以周围未开采区为对照,对其0~100 cm的土壤和地表水体的环境特征进行分析,探讨离子吸附型稀土开采对土壤和水体的影响。结果表明,全氮和有机碳含量偏高,土壤中铵态氮、硝态氮含量远高于未开采区,铵态氮是氮化物的主要存在形式;地表水体的NH_(4)^(+)-N、NO_(2)^(-)-N、NO_(3)^(-)-N、SO_(4)^(2-)含量均高于对照区水体,NH~+4含量接近国家地表水环境质量标准(GB 3838-2002)中Ⅲ类水限值;矿区土壤铵态氮、全氮和有机碳含量随着土壤加深而减少,硝态氮变化趋势相反。研究认为,虽经过多年淋失,但土壤和地表水体各项环境质量指标仍偏高,存在生态风险,本研究可为离子吸附型稀土废弃矿区环境修复提供参考。
Taking the abandoned rare earth mining area in Wenfang, Liancheng County, Fujian Province, as the research object, and the surrounding unmined areas as the control, the environmental characteristics of 0~100 cm soil and surface water in the abandoned mining area were analyzed to explore the impact of ion-adsorption rare earth mining on soil and water. The results show that the contents of total nitrogen and organic carbon are higher, the contents of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in the soil are much higher than the unexploited area, and the ammonium nitrogen is the main form of nitrogen compounds. The contents of NH_(4)^(+)-N、NO_(2)^(-)-N、NO_(3)^(-)-N and SO_(4)^(2-) in surface water are higher than those in the control area, and the content of NH_(4)^(+)-N is close to the limit value of Class III water in the National Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard(GB 3838-2002). The contents of ammonium nitrogen, total nitrogen and organic carbon decline with the soil deepened, but the change trend of nitrate nitrogen is opposite. It is believed that despite years of leaching, the environmental quality indexes of soil and surface water bodies are still relatively high and there exist ecological risks. This paper will provide reference for the environmental remediation of ion-adsorption rare earth abandoned mining areas.
作者
郜鹏畅
区晓琳
陈志彪
GAO Peng-chang;OU Xiao-lin;CHEN Zhi-biao(School of Geographical Science,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350007,China;Cultivation Base of State Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Mountain Ecology,Fuzhou 350007,China)
出处
《稀土》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第5期19-27,共9页
Chinese Rare Earths
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0502905)
福建省高校产学合作项目(2020N5007)。
关键词
离子吸附型稀土矿
铵态氮
地表水
土壤
ion-adsorption rare earth ore
ammonium nitrogen
surface water
soil
