摘要
教育机会均等是教育公平的核心要素,然而,教育机会均等容易陷入“形式平等但实质不平等”的困境。因此,教育质量公平观应该直接聚焦到教育结果,关注学生能力差距的缩小。本文引入能力平等理论,认为正义社会应致力于公民能力的整体提升,首要关切是减少权利匮乏带来的能力缺失。能力平等视角下教育质量公平的合规范性要求是确保公民底线层次的能力门槛,合发展性目标是提升公民较高层次的可行能力,合需要性理想是扩展公民高阶层次的能力集合。能力平等视域下确保教育质量公平的资源分配应遵循平等原则、优先原则与充足原则,同时,需建立基于能力平等的教育质量公平评价标准,构建“国家-省级”不同层次的教育质量公平监测体系及保障学生能力平等的教育问责制度。
Equality of educational opportunity is the core element of educational equity.However,equal educational opportunity is prone to fall into the dilemma of“formal equality but substantive inequality”.Therefore,the equity view of education quality should focus directly on the education results and the narrowing of the gap of students’capability.This paper introduces the theory of capability approach,and argues that a just society should be devoted to the overall improvement of citizens’capability,and its primary concern is to reduce the lack of ability caused by the lack of rights.From the perspective of capability approach,the normative requirement of educational quality equity is the capability threshold to ensure the bottom line level of citizens,the developmental goal is to improve the feasible capability of citizens at a higher level,and the ideal of needs is to expand the capability set of citizens at a higher level.From the perspective of equality of capability,it is necessary to ensure the realization of the ideal of equality of educational quality,and the distribution of educational resources should follow the principles of equality,priority and sufficiency.At the same time,it is necessary to establish a evaluation standard of educational quality equity based on the equality of capability,and construct a“national-provincial level”education quality equity monitoring system at different levels and accountability system for students’capability equality.
作者
潘小芳
程红艳
Xiaofang Pan;Hongyan Cheng(School of Education/Institute of Moral Education,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079)
出处
《教育与经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第1期37-46,共10页
Education & Economy
基金
国家社会基金研究项目“现代化进程中学校变革的伦理追求与实践路径”(BEA180113)
华中师范大学研究生教育创新资助项目“能力平等视域下教育质量公平的意蕴及其实现”(2022CXZZ065)。
关键词
能力平等
教育机会均等
质量公平
教育公平
教育质量
equality of capabilities
equality of opportunity
quality equity
educational equity
the quality of education
