摘要
【目的】研究温度对松墨天牛传播松材线虫的影响,为松材线虫病的预防和防治提供理论与技术支持。【方法】设置3个恒定温度(15、20和25℃)环境,将150只松墨天牛分为3个组(各组50只),分别在3个恒定温度下饲养,测定不同温度条件下松墨天牛的寿命及松材线虫的存活情况,探讨温度对松墨天牛传播松材线虫的影响。【结果】松墨天牛平均寿命随着温度的降低而降低。3种温度处理对松墨天牛平均寿命的影响存在显著差异,但对初始松材线虫数量无影响。松墨天牛寿命与温度有关,而与体重无关。松墨天牛携带的松材线虫数量在最初的5 d内基本不变,然后随着松墨天牛年龄的增加而减少。当松墨天牛初始携带100~999条松材线虫时,平均传播效率随着环境温度的降低而降低;当线虫初始负荷为1~99时,温度处理对松材线虫平均传播效率的影响不显著。随着温度的降低,松材线虫离开松墨天牛所需的时间增加,松材线虫离开松墨天牛所需的时间在25℃时最短,在15℃时最长。3种温度处理下松材线虫传播效率都呈单峰传递曲线,松材线虫携带量峰值随着温度的降低而降低。【结论】环境温度降低,松墨天牛寿命缩短,线虫传播效率降低,线虫传播高峰期推迟,峰值降低,表明可以通过低温控制松材线虫的传播效率。
【Objective】Monochamus alternatus is the main vector of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus.The transmission of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is closely related to ambient temperature.It is of great significance to study the effect of temperature on the transmission of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus by Monochamus alternatus.【Method】150 Monochamus alternatus were divided into 3 groups by setting 3 constant temperatures(15,20,and 25°C).The life span of Monochamus alternatus and the survival rates of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus under different temperatures were measured to explore the effect of temperature on the transmission of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus by Monochamus alternatus.【Result】The average life span of Monochamus alternatus decreased with the decrease in temperature.The three temperature treatments had significantly different effects on the average life span of Monochamus alternatus,which had no effect on the number of initial Bursaphelenchus xylophilus.The life span of Monochamus alternatus was related to temperature,but not to body weight.The number of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus carried by Monochamus alternatus was basically unchanged in the first 5 days,which then decreased with the increase of the age of Monochamus alternatus.When the initial load of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus was between 100 and 999,the average transmission efficiency decreased with the decrease in ambient temperature.There were significant differences in the effect of temperature treatment on the average transmission efficiency of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus when the initial load was from 1 to 9 or from 10 to 99.With the decrease in temperature,the time required for Bursaphelenchus xylophilus to leave Monochamus alternatus increased.The time required for Bursaphelenchus xylophilus to leave Monochamus alternatus was the shortest at 25℃and the longest at 15℃.Under the 3 temperature treatments,the transmission efficiency of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus showed a single peak transmission curve,and the maximum carrying capacity of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus decreased with the decrease in temperature.【Conclusion】With the decrease in ambient temperature,the life span of Monochamus alternatus is shortened,the transmission efficiency of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is reduced,and the transmission peak of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is delayed,which value is reduced with the decrease of ambient temperature.These results indicate that the transmission efficiency of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus can be controlled by low temperatures.
作者
胡蓉
刘玉
陶佳慧
刘发林
HU Rong;LIU Yu;TAO Jiahui;LIU Falin(College of Forestry,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;Central South Forest Inventory and Planning Institute of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Changsha 410014,Hunan,China)
出处
《中南林业科技大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第1期66-71,95,共7页
Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31470659)
湖南省林业局科技创新项目(XLK201923,XLK201831)。
关键词
松墨天牛
松材线虫
温度
传播
Monochamus alternatus
Bursaphelenchus xylophilus
temperature
transmission
