摘要
为解决高海拔隧道火灾通风及人员疏散的问题,采用数值模拟的方法设计低海拔隧道(0 m)和高海拔隧道(4000 m)不同纵向风速条件下的对比试验。结果表明:1)较小风速(1 m/s)不会破坏烟气分层,反而会延缓烟气下降的速度,隧道上下游疏散环境比无纵向风(0 m/s)更好,可用疏散时间更长,较大风速(2 m/s、3 m/s)可保证火源上游处于安全的疏散环境,但会破坏烟气热分层稳定性,导致下游烟气下降快,不利于下游人员疏散;2)与低海拔地区隧道相比,高海拔地区隧道烟气层下降速度更快且烟气层高度更低,温度、能见度条件相对较差,高海拔隧道不同风速条件下各位置可用疏散时间整体小于低海拔隧道。
In order to solve the problem of fire ventilation and evacuation in high-altitude tunnel,the comparative experiments under different longitudinal-wind speeds of low altitude tunnel(0 m)and high-altitude tunnel(4000 m)were designed by means of numerical simulation.The results show that:1)The lower wind speed(1 m/s)will not destroy the smoke stratification,but it will delay the smoke decline speed.The evacuation environment of the upstream and downstream of the tunnel is better than that of no longitudinal wind(0 m/s),and the available evacuation time is longer.Higher wind speed(2 m/s,3 m/s)can ensure a safe evacuation environment upstream of the fire source,but it will destroy the stability of flue gas thermal stratification,resulting in a rapid decline of smoke downstream.It is not conducive to downstream evacuation;2)Compared with the low-altitude tunnel,the smoke layer of the high-altitude tunnel decreases faster,the height of the smoke layer is lower,the conditions of temperature and visibility are relatively poor,and the available evacuation time of each location in the high-altitude tunnel is less than that in the low-altitude tunnel as a whole under different wind speeds.
作者
孙茂贵
陈建忠
杨孟
钟丹
邓实强
SUN Maogui;CHEN Jianzhong;YANG Meng;ZHONG Dan;DENG Shiqiang(China Merchants Chongqing Communications Technology Reseach&Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 400067;School of Civil Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074)
出处
《公路交通技术》
2023年第1期142-150,160,共10页
Technology of Highway and Transport
关键词
高海拔隧道
隧道火灾
纵向风速
疏散环境
数值模拟
high-altitude tunnel
tunnel fire
longitudinal-wind speed
evacuation environment
numerical simulation
