摘要
在碳配额交易政策实施与电子商务快速发展背景下,本研究考虑碳配额约束、碳交易价格、消费者低碳偏好和渠道偏好,构建了单一线下渠道减排、双渠道不减排和双渠道减排决策模型。本研究进一步以企业利润最大化为目标,分别求解得到渠道定价、减排努力程度和渠道选择最优决策。研究发现,双渠道供应链中,消费者低碳偏好对减排决策及供应链各主体利润有正向影响;碳配额对碳减排率有线性正向影响;碳配额交易价格对碳减排率影响与单位产品初始碳配额大小有关,随着碳交易价格增加碳减排率先增加后降低;零售商利润不受碳配额交易政策影响;当渠道偏好程度和低碳偏好程度在某一范围时,制造商开辟线上渠道或进行碳减排投资能够获得更多利润。
In 2021,“carbon emissions peak”and“carbon neutrality”were recorded into the government report for the first time.Manufacturing enterprises are expected to take active actions for keeping consistent with the trend of low-carbon and green development,and to deploy the production strategies of emission reduction with the aim of“zero emissions”of carbon dioxide.The carbon cap-and-trade policy is conducive to realize enterprises′goal of green production,thereby achieving goals of emission reduction on the dimension of society.Meanwhile,with both environmental awareness in the whole society and consumers′low-carbon preference increasing,enterprises′emission reduction strategies have been attracting attention from all circles.The rapid development of network technology has facilitated the exploitation of online channels,and a distribution system with both online and offline has become inevitable.Accordingly,the degree of consumers′acceptance of online channels directly affects enterprises′decisions.Due to increasing considerations within low-carbon production,it turns more critical and complex with the problem of carbon emission reduction and decisions for channels.In the background of the implementation of carbon cap-and-trade policy and the rapid development of e-commerce,this article,with consumer utility theory as methodology,and,a supply chain,composed of a single manufacturer,a single retailer and consumers,as the research object,aims to take into consideration carbon emission quota,carbon trading price,low-carbon preference,and channel preference of consumers.With the goal of maximizing the profits of supply chain enterprises,the article probes into building strategic model on a single-offline channel emission reduction,dual-channel non-emission reduction and dual-channel emission reduction supply chain,catering to the carbon cap-and-trade policy.At the same time,the article also focuses on the interrelation among research product prices of different channels,emission reduction efforts,and channel selection decisions,especially the influence of channel preference and low-carbon preference on the strategies of manufacturers and the profit of each entity.By comparing the optimal profit and emission reduction rate of manufacturer and retailer in each model under decentralized strategies,a reasonable range of parameters for manufacturers to open online channels and make emission reduction decisions is given.Finally,the relevant conclusions are verified by numerical analysis.The study found that:(1)Under the carbon cap-and-trade policy,reasonable carbon emission quota and carbon trading price can promote carbon the supply chain enterprises to work for emission reduction.The impact of carbon emission quota on the carbon emission reduction rate is linearly positive,and its influence on the dual-channel supply chain is greater than that on the single-channel.The impact of the carbon trading price on the carbon emission reduction rate is related to carbon trading price.(2)In the dual-channel supply chain,there is no effect of the carbon cap-and-trade policy exerting on the profits of retailers,and whether the manufacturer reduces carbon emission will not affect retailers′profits either.(3)In the dual-channel supply chain of carbon emission reduction,the increase of consumers′preference for both various channels and low carbon can facilitate enterprises′emission reduction.(4)The development of online channel will damage the profits of retailers.Compared with a single-offline channel emission reduction supply chain,retailers will not attain more profits until consumers′low-carbon preference is high enough.The operation of online channel does not always increase the profit of manufacturers.It needs to be analyzed according to specific circumstances:manufacturer′s profit is positively correlated with consumers′channel preferences,while retailers′profits first decrease before increasing,which changes catering to the change of consumers′channel preference.When consumers′change of channel preference is restricted within a certain range,utilizing online channel can help achieve a reciprocal goal for both manufacturers and retailers.For manufacturers,when conducting strategies for channel and carbon emission reduction,they are expected to take the integrity of consumers′channel preferences,low-carbon preferences,and carbon cap-and-trade policy into consideration.Retailers,accordingly,are supposed to actively seek cooperation to avoid the risk of profit reduction caused by the development of online channel.The government should make a reasonable carbon cap-and-trade policy,and strengthen the publicity on low-carbon,in order to improve consumers′low-carbon preference,with the ultimate goal of promoting the co-development of social economy and environmental benefits.
作者
张令荣
徐航
李云风
ZHANG Lingrong;XU Hang;LI Yunfeng(School of Economics and Management,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China)
出处
《管理工程学报》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期90-98,共9页
Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management
基金
国家社会科学基金重点资助项目(20&ZD129)
国家社会科学基金资助项目(20BGL111)。
关键词
碳配额交易
双渠道供应链
低碳偏好
渠道偏好
Carbon cap-and-trade
Dual-channel supply chain
Low-carbon preference
Channel preference
