摘要
现阶段,通过数字化技术形成的非遗数字化成果有法律确权之必要。以促进文化繁荣为使命并以利益衡平作为基本理念的著作权法可以为非遗数字化成果提供分级分类保护的制度进路,将著作权和邻接权分别配置给非遗数字化成果的创作者和传播者,从而激励市场主体参与非遗的数字化。同时,著作权法应以非遗的传承传播为价值追求,在因应非遗和非遗数字化成果特殊性的基础上作出相应调整,以调和非遗传承传播的公益定位与非遗数字化成果私法确权之间的张力。一是创设“充分告知+实质同意”规则与惠益分享机制,妥当安排非遗权利人在非遗数字化成果创作和传播中的权义格局,保障非遗传承人等非遗权利人的合法权益;二是完善著作权法的权利限制制度,在确权保护非遗数字化成果的同时,弘扬非遗的文化价值,实现激励相容的制度安排。
At present,it is necessary to confirm the rights of the digital achievements of intangible cultural heritages formed by digital technology.The copyright law,with the mission of promoting cultural prosperity and the balance of interests as the basic concept,can provide an institutional approach to the categorized and classified protection for the digital achievements of intangible cultural heritages,and allocate copyright and neighbouring rights to the creators and disseminators of the digital achievements of intangible cultural heritages so as to encourage market entities to participate in the digitization of intangible cultural heritages.Meanwhile,the copyright law should take the inheritance and dissemination of intangible cultural heritages as its value orientation,and make corresponding adjustments based on the special characteristics of intangible cultural heritages and their digital products in order to reconcile the tension between the public interest in the inheritance of intangible cultural heritages and the private law to confirm the rights of the digital achievements of intangible cultural heritages.First,it is necessary to establish the rule of“full notification&substantive consent”and the mechanism of“access&benefit-sharing”to properly arrange the rights and obligations of the holders of intangible cultural heritage rights in the creation and dissemination of digital achievements of intangible cultural heritages,and to protect the rights and interests of the holders of the intangible cultural heritages such as inheritors of intangible cultural heritages.Second,it is necessary to improve the limitations on rights in the copyright law,while confirming the rights to protect the digital achievements of intangible cultural heritages,it is necessary to highlight the cultural value of intangible cultural heritages,and to achieve the incentive-compatible institutional arrangement.
作者
覃榆翔
QIN Yuxiang(Civil,Commercial and Economic Law School,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 100088,China)
出处
《云南民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第2期140-150,共11页
Journal of Yunnan Minzu University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)
关键词
非物质文化遗产保护
非物质文化遗产数字化成果
确权
著作权
邻接权
权利限制
protection of intangible cultural heritages
digital achievements of intangible cultural heritages
confirmation of rights
copyright
neighbouring right
limitations on rights
