摘要
在《化妆品生产质量管理规范(2022年)》(以下简称《规范》)实施的背景下,讨论化妆品质量安全责任主体和监管部门面临的机遇与挑战,对《规范》实施工作提出具体建议。运用博弈模型和纳什均衡理论对化妆品质量安全责任主体和监管部门2个参与方的策略及策略之间的相互作用进行分析。在纯策略纳什均衡下,若遵守《规范》付出的成本小于不遵守《规范》接受的监管部门处罚,且小于不遵守《规范》导致化妆品质量安全事件出现付出的消费者赔偿与企业信誉损失之和,化妆品质量安全责任主体会选择遵守《规范》。为了加强化妆品生产质量管理、保障化妆品质量安全,要降低化妆品质量安全责任主体遵守《规范》的成本、加大不遵守《规范》的处罚力度、加强化妆品质量安全事件出现的消费者赔偿和典型案例公布、降低化妆品监管部门的监管成本并加强对化妆品监管部门的奖惩和社会监督。
The opportunities and challenges faced by the subject of liability for the quality and safety of cosmetics,as well as by the supervision department of cosmetics,were discussed.Specific suggestions were put forward for the implementation of the Good Manufacturing Practice for Cosmetics(2022)(hereinafter referred to as the GMP).The game model and Nash equilibrium theory were used to analyze the strategies and interactions of the two players(i.e.,the subject of liability for the quality and safety of cosmetics and the supervision department for cosmetics).In the pure-strategy Nash equilibrium,if the costs of complying with the GMP were less than the regulatory penalties for non-compliance and less than the sum of consumer compensation and loss of corporate reputation for non-compliance resulting in cosmetic quality and safety incidents,the subject of liability for the quality and safety of cosmetics would choose to comply with the GMP.To strengthen the production quality management and ensure the quality and safety of cosmetics,the costs of complying with the GMP should be reduced,the regulatory penalties for non-compliance with the GMP should be increased,consumer compensation and typical case announcement should be strengthened in the case of cosmetic quality and safety incidents,the supervision costs of cosmetics should be reduced and the reward and punishment for the cosmetic supervision department should be strengthened.
作者
方萍
胡晨希
何思瑜
廖怡
陆丽珍
徐厚明
FANG Ping;HU Chen-xi;HE Si-yu;LIAO Yi;LU Li-zhen;XU Hou-ming(Center for Inspection of Jiangsu Medical Products Administration,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210000,China;The Research Center of National Drug Policy&Ecosystem,China Pharmaceutical University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 211198,China)
出处
《日用化学品科学》
CAS
2023年第3期5-8,52,共5页
Detergent & Cosmetics
关键词
化妆品生产质量管理规范
博弈模型
纳什均衡
Good Manufacturing Practice for Cosmetics
game model
Nash equilibrium
