摘要
立足停车人视角,结合道路停车运营数据,提出了一种道路停车难易程度评价方法,为驾驶员提供停车寻位直接指导。首先,基于停放车辆数、周转率、停车设施容量等停车特性指标,计算了实际停车占用率和理论停车占用率以反映停车资源使用的客观状态。接着,依托Logit模型参数分布特征提出了温和型、直接型及激进型3种停车耐受模式,并给出了停车指数计算方法以反映停车人感知的停车难易程度。然后,依据停车指数分布范围将停车难易程度划分为L1~L5这5个等级。最后,以北京市城六区道路停车为例,在道路和行政区划2个空间尺度下进行了停车难易程度分析。结果表明:道路尺度上的停车难易程度时变模式存在互补现象,驾驶员可依据实际情况选择即可停车或近目的地停车;在行政区划尺度上,停车指数在一定程度上反映了区域功能结构和出行需求的时空分布特性,为“削峰填谷”停车管理方案的制订提供了依据。基于停车人视角的道路停车难易程度评价指标从使用者的角度反映了停车难易程度,弥补了传统研究面向运营管理的停车评价方法在驾驶员停车寻位上的应用缺陷,为驾驶员提供直接、动态的停车建议,减少停车寻位时间,也为停车管理部门及行业规划师引导停车需求提供了缓解停车困难的新分析视角。
An evaluation method for the difficulty of road parking is put forward combining with road parking operation data from the perspective of parkers to provides direct guidance for drivers to find parking places. First, the actual and theoretical parking occupancies are calculated based on parking characteristics including number of parked vehicles, turnover rate and parking facility capacity to reflect the objective state of parking resource use. Then, based on the distribution characteristics of the parameters of the Logit model, 3 parking tolerance patterns(mild, direct and aggressive) are proposed, and the calculation method of parking index is given to reflect the parking difficulty perceived by the parkers. Afterwards, the parking difficulty is divided into 5 levels from L1 to L5 according to the distribution of the parking indexes. Finally, taking the urban road parking in Beijing for example, the parking difficulty under the spatial scales of roads and administrative divisions is analyzed. The result indicates that(1) the time-varying mode of parking difficulty on the road scale is complementary, and drivers are supposed to park either immediately or near their destination depending on the actual situation;(2) on the administrative division scale, the parking index reflects the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of regional functional structure and travel demand to a certain extent, providing a basis for the formulation of the “peak shaving cutting and valley filling” parking management scheme. The evaluation index of road parking difficulty based on the perspective of parkers reflects the parking difficulty from the perspective of the users, which makes up the application defect of the traditional parking evaluation method oriented to operation management in the drivers’ parking search. It provides direct and dynamic parking suggestions for drivers to reduce the time for parking and searching, and also provides a new analysis perspective for parking management departments and industry planners to guide parking demand to ease parking difficulty.
作者
胡海鹤
仝进
邵娟
HU Hai-he;TONG Jin;SHAO Juan(Beijing Traffic Comprehensive Governance Center,Beijing 100070,China;Beijing Anyongda Transport Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100071,China;Beijing Traffic Engineering Association,Beijing 100071,China)
出处
《公路交通科技》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第1期178-184,共7页
Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development
