摘要
为探讨γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)对小麦灌浆期旗叶同化物生产与转运以及产量的影响,以济麦22为材料,采用大田试验在小麦花后叶面喷施GABA,测定小麦灌浆期旗叶中内源激素含量、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、丙二醛(MDA)含量、碳氮代谢相关酶活性,以及茎秆中蔗糖和游离氨基酸(AA)含量,并分析这些指标变化对成熟期小麦产量的影响。结果表明,与对照(喷施清水)相比,小麦旗叶中脱落酸(ABA)含量于喷施GABA后7 d、赤霉素(GA 3)和细胞分裂素(CTK)含量于喷施后21 d、T-AOC于喷施后14和21 d均显著提高,MDA含量于喷施后14和21 d显著降低,α-淀粉酶活性、酸性蛋白酶(ACP)活性于喷施后7 d、β-淀粉酶活性于喷施后7和21 d、谷草转氨酶(GOT)和谷丙转氨酶(GPT)活性于喷施后7和14 d、碱性蛋白酶(AKP)活性于喷施后14 d均显著增强,而中性蛋白酶(NP)活性于喷施后21 d显著降低;茎秆中蔗糖含量于喷施后7和14 d显著增加,天冬氨酸(Asp)含量于喷施后7、14和21 d、游离氨基酸(AA)含量于喷施后21 d均显著降低,谷氨酸(Glu)含量在喷施后各时间点与对照差异均不显著。叶面喷施GABA的小麦千粒重和产量均显著增加,增幅分别为6.23%和9.09%。这说明GABA可能通过调节叶片内源激素含量以及增强总抗氧化能力,减少小麦叶片氧化损伤,提高碳氮代谢相关酶活性,促进光合同化物装载以及向籽粒转运,最终提高小麦千粒重和产量。
In order to elucidate the effects of exogenousγ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)on assimilate production and transport of flag leaf in wheat grain-filling,using Jimai 22 as the material,endogenous hormones content,total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),malonaldehyde(MDA)content,and the activities of carbon and nitrogen metabolism related enzymes in flag leaf,contents of sucrose and free amino acid(AA)in stem at filling stage were determined.The effects of these indices on wheat yield at maturity stage were analyzed.The results showed that in flag leaves,compared with the control(water spraying),GABA significantly increased the abscisic acid(ABA)content at 7 d after spraying,gibberellin(GA 3)and cytokinin(CTK)contents at 21 d after spraying,and T-AOC at 14 and 21 d after spraying.MDA content was significantly decreased at 14 and 21 d after GABA spraying.GABA significantly increasedα-amylase,acid protease(ACP)activities at 7 d after spraying,β-amylase activity at 7 and 21 d after spraying,GOT and GPT activities at 7 and 14 d after spraying,and alkaline protease(AKP)activity at 14 d after spraying,GABA significantly decreased neutral protease(NP)activities at 21 d after spraying.Sucrose content in stems was significantly increased at 7 and 14 d after spraying;aspartic acid(Asp)content was significantly decreased at 7,14 and 21 d after spraying;Free amino acid(AA)content was significantly decreased at 21 d after spraying,while glutamic acid(Glu)content was not significantly different from that in the control group at each time point after spraying.The 1000-grain weight and yield of wheat were significantly increased by 6.23%and 9.09%under GABA spraying treatment.These results suggested that GABA spraying treatment may regulate the endogenous hormone content,enhance the total antioxidant capacity,reduce oxidative damage on leaf,increase activities of enzymes related to carbon and nitrogen metabolism,promote the transport of photosynthates to grain,and ultimately increase grain yield.
作者
张云秀
吕雪梅
张燕
杜琬莹
孔令安
ZHANG Yunxiu;L Xuemei;ZHANG Yan;DU Wanying;KONG Ling’an(Crop Research Institute,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan,Shandong 250100,China;College of Life Science,Shandong Normal University,Jinan,Shandong 250014,China)
出处
《麦类作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期233-240,共8页
Journal of Triticeae Crops
基金
山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2020MC087)
山东省现代农业产业技术体系专项(SDAIT01-06)。
关键词
小麦
Γ-氨基丁酸
内源激素
碳氮代谢相关酶
蔗糖
Wheat
γ-aminobutyric acid
Endogenous hormones
Carbon and nitrogen metabolism-related enzymes
Sucrose
