摘要
2014年在新疆石河子121团炮台土壤改良试验站设置田间原位试验,设置5个处理,分别为不施生物质炭处理(CK)、一次施用生物质炭15.75 t/hm^(2)(C1)、31.50 t/hm^(2)(C2)、63.00 t/hm^(2)(C3)和126.00 t/hm^(2)(C4),研究施用不同量生物质炭6年后(2020)对玉米前期生长、养分吸收及光合生理特征的影响。结果表明,玉米在苗期和拔节期的株高、茎粗、各器官生物量、叶面积指数、总根长和总根表面积均随着生物质炭施用量的增加而增加,其中C4处理的增幅最高。在苗期和拔节期各器官养分含量和吸收量也随着生物质炭施用量的增加而显著增加,C4处理增幅最高,根系、茎秆、叶片的养分积累量较CK增加了98.21%~279.08%,且养分主要在叶片中积累。施用生物质炭对苗期玉米的光合生理特征无显著影响,但显著促进了拔节期的净光合速率,气孔导度、蒸腾速率和胞间CO_(2)浓度,C4处理增幅最高,净光合速率较CK显著增加了111.01%,气孔导度显著增加了123.23%,蒸腾速率显著增加了108.67%,胞间CO_(2)浓度显著增加了18.88%。光能利用率和水分利用率随着生物质炭施用量的增加呈现先增加后降低的趋势。高添加量生物质炭(126.00 t/hm^(2))相比于中低添加量(15.75~63.00 t/hm^(2))对玉米生长更具长效促进作用。
A field in situ experiments was conducted to clarify the long-term effects of biochar on maize at the experimental station of Shihezi121 regiment in Xinjiang.Five treatments were arranged on 2014,those were no bio⁃char treatment(CK),biochar 15.75 t/ha(C1),biochar 31.50 t/ha(C2),biochar 63.00 t/ha(C3)and biochar 126.00 t/ha(C4).Maize was grown in the experimental biochar field after six years(2020).Different indices were analyzed,such as early stage of growth,nutrient absorption,and photosynthetic characteristics.The results showed that,the growth of maize was promoted by the application of biochar,and that was increased with the application of biochar.Thus,biochar applied with 126.00 t/ha promoted maize growth significantly.Biochar application was beneficial to the nu⁃trient distribution and accumulation of maize during the early stage,like seeding and jointing stage.The nutrients mainly accumulated towards leaves compared with that in roots and stems.Biochar application also improved photo⁃synthetic parameters of maize at jointing stage,while the light use efficiency and water use efficiency fluctuated dur⁃ing that stage.In this study,the amount of biochar with 126.00 t/ha could obviously benefit the maize growth.
作者
丛孟菲
胡洋
唐光木
徐万里
孙霞
贾宏涛
CONG Meng-fei;HU Yang;TANG Guang-mu;XU Wang-li;SUN Xia;JIA Hong-tao(College of Grassland and Environmental Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052;Institute of Soil and Fertilizer,Agricultural Water Saving,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830092;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Soil and Plant Ecological Processes,Urumqi 830052,China)
出处
《玉米科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第1期62-69,共8页
Journal of Maize Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31660073)
天山雪松计划(2017XS08)。
关键词
玉米
生物质炭
风沙土
养分吸收
光合生理特征
Maize
Biochar
Sand soil
Nutrient absorption
Photosynthetic physiological characteristic
