摘要
山区库区高边坡由于其复杂和极其不稳定的地质条件,在外界不利因素影响下其地质体容易失稳并快速滑入水库形成对库区沿岸及下游大坝具有严重危害的滑坡涌浪.本文在某一山区库区物理模型的基础上建立三维滑坡涌浪数值模型,分析和研究滑坡涌浪形成与传播过程以及滑坡涌浪与下游重力坝的相互作用机理,同时通过水工物理模型试验来验证数值模拟的精度和可行性,为后续进行复杂山区库区滑坡涌浪数值模拟相关研究工作提供经验.结果表明:在与物理模型相同工况、设计条件下,数值模拟方法分析所得结果均与物理模型试验的实验结果基本一致,表明了该数值模拟方法可以较好地研究山区水库涌浪形成和传播的过程以及大坝和涌浪的相互作用;在涌浪传播形成和传播过程中发现对岸爬高要比侧岸爬高的数值要大,波浪爬高并不因为滑坡体入水角度的增大而增大,而是有个最大危险角度;涌浪在经过第一个弯道之后,高度会有一个增高的趋势,当涌浪传播至第二个弯道时,转折点前后的涌浪高度的变化不大;3号监测点的水压力在60°工况条件下最大;滑坡涌浪在传播至水库坝前时,涌浪高度变化呈波浪状;波峰时的涌浪所形成的坝前水压力最大.
Due to the complex and unstable geological conditions of the high slope in the mountainous reservoir area, under the influence of adverse external factors, its geological body is prone to instability and quickly slides into the reservoir to form a landslide surge, which has serious harm to the dam along the reservoir and downstream. In this paper, a three-dimensional numerical model of landslide surge is established based on the physical model of a mountainous reservoir area, and the formation and propagation process of landslide surge and the interaction mechanism between landslide surge and downstream gravity dam is analyzed and studied. At the same time, the accuracy and feasibility of numerical simulation are verified by hydraulic physical model tests. It provides experience for subsequent research on numerical simulation of landslide surges in the complex mountainous reservoir area. The results show that under the same working condition and the same design condition as the physical model, the results of the numerical simulation method are consistent with the experimental results of the physical model test, which indicates that the numerical simulation method can better study the process of the formation and propagation of the reservoir surge and the interaction between the dam and the surge. In the process of wave propagation and formation, it is found that the height of the opposite bank is higher than that of the side bank. The height of the wave does not increase with the increase of the angle of entry of the landslide, but there is a maximum danger angle. After the first corner, the height of the wave will tend to increase. When the wave propagates to the second corner, the height of the wave before and after the turning point does not change much. The water pressure of the 3# monitoring point is the maximum under the condition of 60°. When the landslide surge propagates to the front of the reservoir dam, the wave height changes in a wave-like manner. The maximum pressure of the water in front of the dam is generated by the surge at the crest.
作者
陈仁义
彭辉
CHEN Renyi;PENG Hui(College of Water Hydraulic&Environmental Engineering,China Three Gorges Univ.,Yichang 443002,China)
出处
《三峡大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
2023年第2期17-22,共6页
Journal of China Three Gorges University：Natural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金(51379108)。
关键词
滑坡涌浪
山区库区
数值模拟
物理模型
涌浪高度
坝前水压力
landslide surge
mountain reservoir area
numerical simulation
physical model
surge height
water pressure in front of the dam
