摘要
为获取建成高层建筑在自然气象条件下烟囱效应压差分布规律数据,历时3年对我国东北、华东和华南地区13栋高层住宅和超高层商业建筑进行了冬季烟囱效应的现场实测研究。通过研究发现:超高层建筑电梯井道的烟囱效应压差整体上符合线性规律,极值压差出现在建筑底层和顶层;所测7栋高层住宅建筑中烟囱效应最大压差达到171.0 Pa, 6栋超高层商业建筑中最大压差绝对值达到117.3 Pa,超过电梯系统的抗压阈值,导致电梯故障频发。基于经典热压差模型,引入电梯烟囱效应压差分布系数,建议了一种修正烟囱效应极值压差估算模型;结合现场实测,得到发生烟囱效应建筑的烟囱效应压差分布系数均大于0.5。通过与已有模型对比,显示所提出的模型能够将建筑的整体气密性通过实测定量化,可用来估算超高层建筑可能遭遇的烟囱效应极值压差。
In order to obtain the data of the stack pressure distributions of high-rise buildings in natural meteorological conditions, a three-year’s field measurement of the stack effect of totally 13 high-rise residential and super high-rise commercial buildings in winter, which are located in the Northeast, the East, and the South China respectively, has been performed in this study. It is found that the distribution of the pressure difference in the whole elevator shaft is approximately linear, and the maximum absolute values always occur at the bottom and top floors. For example, the maximum stack pressure under investigation reaches as high as 171.0 Pa among seven residential buildings, and 117.3 Pa among six commercial buildings respectively, which far exceeds the bearing thresholds of the elevator systems, and that is exactly the reason for the elevator failure. The concept of the stack pressure coefficient of elevator is firstly introduced, and then a new evaluation model for estimating the maximum stack effect pressure is proposed on the basis of the classical model. The values of the stack pressure coefficient of the buildings are then calculated according to the field measurement data, which are all greater than 0.5. Compared with other existing models, the model possesses the advantages of quantifying the total airtightness of the building by combining with the field measurement data, and can be used to calculate the possible maximum stack pressure that the building might experience.
作者
杨易
钟尚轩
解学峰
卢晓民
陈昌伟
万腾骏
YANG Yi;ZHONG Shangxuan;XIE Xuefeng;LU Xiaomin;CHEN Changwei;WAN Tengjun(State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building Science,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China;Hitachi Elevator(China)Company Limited,Guangzhou 510627,China)
出处
《建筑结构学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期148-156,共9页
Journal of Building Structures
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52178480)
广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2022A1515010350)。
关键词
超高层建筑
烟囱效应
现场实测
压差特性
super high-rise building
stack effect
field measurement
differential pressure characteristic
