摘要
城镇化发展导致的土地利用变化是影响生境质量的首要因素,而生境质量对生物多样性保护和生态环境修复具有重要意义。以昆明市为研究区,通过获取2000—2020年土地利用数据,利用PLUS模型模拟2030年土地利用变化情况,再结合InVEST模型对昆明市生境质量进行研究。结果如下:(1)昆明市主要地类为耕地、林地和草地。2000—2020年耕地、林地、水体面积分别减少926.18 km^(2)、28.03 km^(2)、30.05 km^(2),建设用地和草地分别增加了925.36 km^(2)和95.24 km^(2)。(2)2000—2020年昆明市生境质量持续降低,处于中上水平且呈现两极化趋势。低生境分布在昆明市南部城市群;较低生境聚集在昆明市东部,与较高生境相互交错分布在整个研究区;高生境主要分布在西面的山区。同时,低生境面积不断增加,高生境面积逐渐减少。(3)PLUS模型模拟出来的2030年昆明市土地变化中,建设用地进一步扩张,耕地、林地、草地面积持续减少;模拟得到的平均生境质量相较于2020年整体下降0.02,生境质量逐渐降低,且低生境质量面积表现出扩张的趋势。研究结果对昆明市坚持生态优先、绿色发展理念,统筹城市发展规划具有参考价值。
The land use change caused by urbanization development was the primary factor affecting the habitat quality.The study in this field is of great significance to the biodiversity protection and ecological environment restoration.Taking Kunming City as the research area and based on its land use data from 2000 to 2020,the PLUS model was used to simulate the land use change in 2030,then the results were combined with the InVEST model to study the habitat quality of Kunming City.The results were as follows:(1)The main land types in Kunming were cultivated land,forest land and grassland.From 2000 to 2020,the areas of cultivated land,forest land,and water bodies decreased by 926.18 km^(2),28.03 km^(2),and 30.05 km^(2),respectively,while construction land and grassland increased by 925.36 km^(2) and 95.24 km^(2),respectively.(2)From 2000 to 2020,the habitat quality of Kunming continued to decline,which was at the upper-middle level and showed a two-level trend.The low habitats were distributed in the southern urban agglomeration of Kunming;the lower habitats were concentrated in the east of Kunming while interlaced with and the higher habitats were alternately distributed in the whole study area;the high habitats were mainly distributed in the western mountainous areas.At the same time,the area of low habitats increased continuously,and the area of high habitats gradually decreased.(3)As for the land change of Kunming in 2030 simulated and predicted by the PLUS model,the construction land would further expand,and the cultivated land,forest land and grassland would continue to decline;the simulated average habitat quality as a whole would decrease by 0.2 compared with that in 2020,and the habitat quality would gradually decrease with an expanding trend of low habitat quality area.The results can provide a reference for Kuming municipal administration to adhere to the concept of ecological priority and green development,and to make comprehensive planning for urban development.
作者
胥丽
国朝胜
罗绍龙
XU Li;GUO Chaosheng;LUO Shaolong(College of Forestry,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650000,China)
出处
《三峡生态环境监测》
2023年第1期102-112,共11页
Ecology and Environmental Monitoring of Three Gorges
关键词
土地利用
生物多样性
生态环境修复
生境质量模型
land use
biodiversity
ecological environment restoration
habitat quality model
