摘要
【目的】土壤编码碱性磷酸酶基因phoD微生物作为土壤中重要的功能微生物群之一,研究有机种植模式对茶园土壤phoD基因细菌微生物群落结构的影响,为评估有机茶的土壤生态效应评估提供数据支撑。【方法】采用高通量测序手段,系统分析了3种类型样地,即林地(WD)、常规茶园(CT)和有机茶园(OT)土壤phoD细菌群落多样性、群落结构变化趋势及其影响因子。【结果】与WD土壤相比,茶园土壤pH显著下降0.47~0.61个单位,长期施用化肥茶园导致土壤速效养分显著增加,尤其是CT土壤中速效磷含量达到了484.3 mg·kg^(-1)。与WD土壤相比,CT和OT土壤phoD细菌Alpha多样性指数显著降低(Simpson指数除外),CT和OT土壤phoD细菌Alpha多样性指标大多差异不显著(P<0.05)。从3种类型样地土壤样品中共检测到phoD细菌15个门、27个纲、50个目、67个科、99个属,195个种。主要细菌优势门为未知分类菌门(unclassified)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、unclassified_d__Bacteria和放线菌门(Actinobacteria)。优势菌属以unclassified、unclassified_d__Bacteria、慢生根瘤菌属(Bradyrhizobium)为主。组间群落差异分析(LEfSe)表明,31个差异物种对种植模式非常敏感,不同种植模式富集了不同的phoD细菌类群。主成分分析结果显示,种植模式显著改变了土壤phoD细菌群落结构。相关分析和冗余分析结果表明,土壤全氮、碱解氮、全钾和pH是驱动phoD功能微生物群落结构的主要环境因子。【结论】林地转变为茶园后,不同种植模式改变了土壤理化性质,从而驱动了土壤phoD细菌群落组成、结构和多样性变化。
【Objective】Effect of organic tea cultivation on the phoD bacteria,which relate to the regulation of phosphorus(P)cycling in soil through the secretion of alkaline phosphomonoesterases,was studied by comparing 3 different farming operation modes on the land.【Method】The characteristics of the phoD-harboring bacteria communities in the topsoil(0-20 cm)of a virgin forestland(WD),a conventional tea plantation(CT),and an organically farmed plantation(OT)were compared using Illumina MiSeq sequencing technology.The bacterial diversity,community structure,and affecting factors were statistically analyzed by methods of Spearman correlation,distance-based redundancy(db-RDA),linear discriminant analysis effect size(LEfSe),and principal component(PCA).【Result】Taking WD as the baseline for the comparison,long-term fertilization applied on the plantations acidified the soil causing pH to decrease by 0.46 to 0.61 units and a rapid rise on available P in the soil at CT to 484.3 mg·kg^(-1).Meanwhile,the alpha diversity,except Simpson index,of the phoD-harboring bacteria community significantly declined as those of the CT and OT soils did not differ significantly(P>0.05).A total of 15 phyla,27 classes,50 orders,67 families,99 genera,and 195 species of phoD-harboring bacteria were detected in the topsoil samples collected from the 3 sites.In them,the dominant phyla included the unclassified,Proteobacteria,the unclassified_d_bacteria,and Actinobacteria,while the dominant genera,AD3,the unclassified,the unclassified_d_bacteria,and Bradyrhizobium.The LEfSe analysis showed 31 biomarkers to be sensitive to variations of soil due to different planting practices;PCA indicated distinctly varied community structures among the sites of different cultivation modes;and Spearman correlation and db-RDA identified total nitrogen,alkaline nitrogen,total potassium,and pH to be the main factors affecting the abundance and diversity of the phoD-harboring bacterial community in the soil.【Conclusion】After a forestland being converted for tea cultivation,along with the alteration on the soil physicochemical properties the diversity,composition,and structure of the phoD-harboring bacterial community in the soil also underwent significant changes.
作者
王峰
陈玉真
吴志丹
江福英
邱陈华
尤志明
WANG Feng;CHEN Yu-zhen;WU Zhi-dan;JIANG Fu-ying;QIU Chen-hua;YOU Zhi-ming(Tea Research Institute,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Branch of National Center for Tea Improvemen,Fuzhou,Fujian 350013,China;National Agriculcural Experimental Station for Soil Quality,Fu’an,Fujian 355015,China)
出处
《茶叶学报》
2023年第1期46-54,共9页
Acta Tea Sinica
基金
福建省科技厅公益类科研专项(2020R1029001、2021R1029002)
中央引导地方科技发展专项(2020L3030)
农业科技创新联盟专项(CXLM202202)。
关键词
林地开垦
茶园土壤
有机种植
phoD功能微生物
高通量测序
Reclamation of forestland
tea plantation soil
organic farming
phoD-harboring bacteria
high-throughput sequencing
