摘要
本试验旨在通过研究饲粮苏氨酸水平对43~63日龄黄羽肉鸡生长性能、胴体品质、脂肪代谢和免疫功能的影响,以确定43~63日龄黄羽肉鸡适宜的苏氨酸需要量。试验选用43日龄快大型岭南黄羽肉公鸡1600只,随机分为5个组,每组8个重复,每个重复40只鸡。5个组的试验鸡分别饲喂含0.50%(基础饲粮)、0.57%、0.64%、0.71%和0.78%苏氨酸的饲粮。试验期21 d。结果表明:1)饲粮苏氨酸水平显著影响43~63日龄黄羽肉鸡的料重比(P<0.05),其中0.57%、0.64%、0.71%和0.78%苏氨酸组料重比显著低于0.50%苏氨酸组(P<0.05),但对平均日增重和平均日采食量无显著影响(P>0.05)。饲粮苏氨酸水平与黄羽肉鸡料重比呈显著的二次相关(P<0.05),根据料重比回归方程计算得出,黄羽肉鸡饲粮苏氨酸最适水平为0.68%,苏氨酸每日需要量为0.61 g,苏氨酸与赖氨酸、蛋氨酸和色氨酸的比值分别为0.76、1.94和4.00。2)0.64%、0.71%和0.78%苏氨酸组全净膛率显著高于0.50%和0.57%苏氨酸组(P<0.05)。0.78%苏氨酸组胸肌肉色亮度(L^(*))值显著低于0.50%和0.64%苏氨酸组(P<0.05),0.71%和0.78%苏氨酸组胸肌肉色红度(a^(*))值显著高于0.50%和0.64%苏氨酸组(P<0.05)。3)0.78%苏氨酸组血清甘油三酯含量显著低于0.50%和0.64%苏氨酸组(P<0.05),血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著低于0.50%苏氨酸组(P<0.05),血清胰岛素含量显著高于0.50%苏氨酸组(P<0.05);0.64%和0.71%苏氨酸组血清胰岛素样生长因子-1含量显著高于0.50%苏氨酸组(P<0.05)。4)0.64%、0.71%和0.78%苏氨酸组外周血T淋巴细胞增殖率显著高于0.50%和0.57%苏氨酸组(P<0.05);根据T淋巴细胞增殖率回归方程计算得出,黄羽肉鸡饲粮苏氨酸最适水平为0.75%,苏氨酸每日需要量为0.67 g,苏氨酸与赖氨酸、蛋氨酸和色氨酸的比值分别为0.83、2.14和4.41。综上所述,在本试验条件下(基础饲粮粗蛋白质和赖氨酸水平分别为17%和0.50%),饲粮补充适宜水平的苏氨酸可提高43~63日龄黄羽肉鸡生长性能、胴体品质和肉品质,对机体的脂肪代谢有显著影响;以料重比为判定指标,确定43~63日龄黄羽肉鸡饲粮苏氨酸最适水平为0.68%,苏氨酸每日需要量为0.61 g,苏氨酸与赖氨酸、蛋氨酸和色氨酸的比值分别为0.76、1.94和4.00。
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary threonine level on growth performance,carcass quality,fat metabolism and immune function of yellow-feathered broilers from 43 to 63 days,so as to determine the optimal threonine requirement.One thousand and six hundred 43-day-old Lingnan yellow-feathered broilers were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups with 8 replicates in each group and 40 chickens in each replicate.The chickens in the five groups were fed the diets containing 0.50%(basal diet),0.57%,0.64%,0.71%and 0.78%threonine,respectively.The experiment lasted for 21 days.The results showed as follows:1)dietary threonine level could significantly affect the ratio of feed to gain of yellow-feathered broilers from 43 to 63 days of age(P<0.05),and the ratio of feed to gain in 0.57%,0.64%,0.71%and 0.78%threonine groups was significantly lower than that in 0.50%threonine group(P<0.05),but had no significant effects on the average daily gain and average daily feed intake(P>0.05).There was a significant quadratic correlation between dietary threonine level and the ratio of feed to gain(P<0.05).According to the regression equation of the ratio of feed to gain,the optimal dietary threonine level for yellow-feathered broilers was 0.68%,the daily threonine requirement was 0.61 g,and the ratios of threonine to lysine,methionine and tryptophan were 0.76,1.94 and 4.00,respectively.2)The eviscerated yield percentage in 0.64%,0.71%and 0.78%threonine groups was significantly higher than that in 0.50%and 0.57%threonine groups(P<0.05).The meat color brightness(L^(*))value of breast muscle in 0.78%threonine group was significantly lower than that in 0.50%and 0.64%threonine groups(P<0.05),and the meat color redness(a^(*))value of breast muscle in 0.71%and 0.78%threonine groups was significantly higher than that in 0.50%and 0.64%threonine groups(P<0.05).3)The serum triglyceride content in 0.78%threonine group was significantly lower than that in 0.50%and 0.64%threonine groups(P<0.05),the serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol content was significantly lower than that in 0.50%threonine group(P<0.05),and the serum insulin content was significantly higher than that in 0.50%threonine group(P<0.05);the serum insulin like growth factor-1 content in 0.64%and 0.71%threonine groups was significantly higher than that in 0.50%threonine group(P<0.05).4)The T lymphocyte proliferation rate in peripheral blood in 0.64%,0.71%and 0.78%threonine groups was significantly higher than that in 0.50%and 0.57%threonine groups(P<0.05).According to the regression equation of T lymphocyte proliferation rate,the optimal dietary threonine level for yellow-feathered broilers was 0.75%,the daily threonine requirement was 0.67 g,and the ratios of threonine to lysine,methionine and tryptophan were 0.83,2.14 and 4.41,respectively.In conclusion,under the conditions of this experiment(the crude protein and lysine levels in the basal diet were 17%and 0.50%,respectively),dietary supplementation with appropriate threonine can improve the growth performance,carcass quality and meat quality of yellow-feathered broilers from 43 to 63 days of age,and significantly affect the fat metabolism.Based on the ratio of feed to gain,the optimal threonine level and daily threonine requirement for yellow-feathered broilers from 43 to 63 days of age are 0.68%and 0.61 g,and the ratios of threonine to lysine,methionine and tryptophan are 0.76,1.94 and 4.00,respectively.
作者
林厦菁
席鹏彬
苟钟勇
程忠刚
阮栋
郑春田
蒋守群
LIN Xiajing;XI Pengbin;GOU Zhongyong;CHENG Zhonggang;RUAN Dong;ZHENG Chuntian;JIANG Shouqun(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding,Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期1552-1560,共9页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
广东省自然科学基金项目(2022A1515012069,2021A1515012412,2021A1515010830)
国家重点研发专项(2021YFD300404)
国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-41-G10)
广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B0202090004)
广东省农业科学院科技计划项目(202106TD,R2019PY-QF008)。
关键词
黄羽肉鸡
苏氨酸
生长性能
胴体品质
免疫功能
营养需要
yellow-feathered broilers
threonine
growth performance
carcass quality
immune function
nutrient requirement
