摘要
借助中国制造业外资企业微观数据,本文系统考察上游垄断对中国外资企业供应链本地化的影响及其机制。研究结果表明,上游垄断显著降低下游外资企业的供应链本地化水平。在考虑指标测量误差、同时期的政策改革效应、样本选择、内生性问题等一系列可能干扰计量回归结果的因素后,这一结论依然成立。从影响机制来看,上游垄断可以通过提高中间品国内外相对价格、减少本土中间品种类、降低中间品质量三个作用渠道阻碍下游外资企业的供应链本地化进程。异质性分析的结果表明,上游垄断会显著降低从事非加工贸易、低契约密集度行业以及中西部地区的外资企业的供应链本地化水平,而对从事加工贸易、高契约密集度行业以及东部地区的外资企业影响不显著。本文的研究结论对中国加快建设高标准市场体系以及如何更好地利用外资推动产业链供应链升级具有较为重要的指导意义。
Upgrading the modernization of industrial and supply chains is one of the primary tasks to accelerate the construction of a new development pattern and promote high-quality economic development.Moreover,the supply chain localization of foreign enterprises plays a critical role in developing China’s modern industrial system,conducive to expanding industrial and supply chains to high-value-added areas and increasing their resilience.Therefore,this paper focuses on the improvement paths of the supply chain localization of foreign enterprises,and explores the upstream monopolistic factors hindering the improvement.Specifically,this paper discusses the theoretical connection between upstream monopoly and the supply chain localization of foreign enterprises.Then,it calculates the proportion of non-imported intermediate goods input of foreign enterprises in total intermediate goods input as a proxy for the localization,using the Chinese industrial enterprises database and the customs database from 2000 to 2014.Subsequently,it uses the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index(HHI)of upstream industries to measure the degree of upstream monopoly in manufacturing and conducts a series of empirical tests to analyze the theoretical connection.The research results show that:(1)From 2000 to 2014,the overall localization level increased from around 65%to more than 75%,with an increase of more than ten percentage points,with significant heterogeneity across industries.(2)The upstream manufacturing monopoly significantly reduces the downstream supply chain localization of foreign enterprises.This conclusion remains valid after considering potential confounding factors,such as index measurement errors,contemporaneous policy reform effects,sample selection,and endogeneity.(3)Upstream monopoly hinders the supply chain localization by raising the relative price of intermediate goods,reducing the variety of local intermediate goods,and lowering the quality of intermediate goods.(4)Upstream monopoly significantly reduces the localization engaged in non-processing trade,low-contract-intensive industries,and the central and western regions,but has no significant impact on foreign enterprises engaged in processing trade,high-contract-intensive industries,and the eastern region.The findings may provide empirical evidence and practical reference for China to ensure stability in foreign investment,realize the modernization of industrial and supply chains and build a new development pattern of dual circulation to promote the interconnection of domestic and foreign markets.
作者
海鹏
房帅
王文姝
HAI Peng;FANG Shuai;WANG Wenshu(Beijing Wuzi University,Beijing 101149;The Putuo District Development and Reform Commission,Shanghai 200333)
出处
《经济与管理研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第2期75-93,共19页
Research on Economics and Management
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目“国内市场一体化对出口产品质量的影响机制研究”(21CJY018)
北京物资学院青年科研基金项目“‘双循环’格局下中国劳动力资源配置的优化研究”(2022XJQN29)
北京市教育委员会社科计划一般项目“‘一带一路’倡议、价值链重构与中国出口产品质量”(SM202110037002)。
关键词
上游垄断
外资企业
供应链本地化
产业链升级
制造业
稳外资
upstream monopoly
foreign enterprise
supply chain localization
industrial chain upgrade
manufacturing
ensuring stability in foreign investment
