摘要
泡沫铝三明治结构(aluminum foam sandwich,AFS)既具有泡沫铝轻质、阻尼减震、吸能防护等优异特性,又能解决单一泡沫铝强度较低、易损坏等问题,在航空航天、汽车制造、轨道交通、精密机床等工业领域具有广阔的应用前景。本工作基于熔体发泡法,采用瞬间液相结合技术,以纯TA2为面板、Al-2Ca合金为发泡基材,制备尺寸为80 mm×80 mm×18 mm的泡沫铝三明治结构,泡沫芯中含有大量均匀的孔隙,其中多面体状的孔隙占据了较大面积;面板与芯层之间观察到平均厚度为7.5μm的结合界面,各元素在结合层处形成扩散并以金属间化合物的形式存在。测试结果表明:不同密度的三明治结构在弯曲实验下的载荷曲线呈现出线弹性区、快速降载区和平台区三个明显的区域;试样所能承受的最大峰值载荷为1120.5 N、屈服强度为15.64 MPa,随着密度的提高,芯部孔隙率的减小,AFS材料的抗弯强度随之提高;弯曲程度在15 mm时,AFS密度增加15.9%的情况下,弯曲吸能W_(EA)和比吸能W_(SEA)分别提高3.59倍和3.22倍;失效模式为泡沫铝芯层的压缩密实变形和芯材剪切、开裂以及TA2面板的弯曲变形和剥离失效,试样不同位置不同应力的共同作用造成了AFS材料的多种效模式。
Aluminum foam sandwich structure(aluminum foam sandwich,AFS)not only has the excellent characteristics of aluminum foam lightweight,damping and shock absorption,energy absorption and protection,but also can solve the problems of low strength and easy damage of single aluminum foam,so it has a broad application prospect in aerospace,automobile manufacturing,rail transportation,precision machine tools and other industrial fields.In this paper,based on the melt foaming method,an aluminum foam sandwich structure with the size of 80 mm×80 mm×18 mm was successfully prepared using pure TA2 as the panel and Al-2Ca alloy as the foaming base material,and a large number of uniform pores were observed in the foam core,of which the polyhedral pores occupied a large area.A binding interface with an average thickness of 7.5μm was observed between the panel and the core layer,where the elements diffused at the binding layer and existed in the form of intermetallic compounds.The bending test results show that the load curves of sandwich structures with different densities show three distinct areas:linear elastic zone,rapid load drop zone and flatform zone.The maximum peak load and yield strength of the sandwich structure are 1120.5 N and 15.64 MPa respectively.The bending strength of AFS materials increases with the increase of density and the decrease of core porosity.When the bending degree is 15 mm and the AFS density increases by 15.9%,the bending energy absorption W_(EA) and W_(SEA) increase by 3.59 and 3.22 times respectively.In the process of bending test,the failure modes are composed of compressive compaction deformation of aluminum foam core layer,shear and cracking of core material,bending deformation and peeling failure of TA2 panel,and various failure modes of AFS material are formed under the joint action of different stresses at different positions of the sample.
作者
张均闪
马浩源
安钰坤
曹梦真
杨瑞起
ZHANG Junshan;MA Haoyuan;AN Yukun;CAO Mengzhen;YANG Ruiqi(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255000,Shandong,China;Shan Dong Hong Yu Ventilator Co.,Ltd.,Zibo 255000,Shandong,China)
出处
《航空材料学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期107-117,共11页
Journal of Aeronautical Materials
基金
国家自然科学基金(51904179)
山东省自然科学基金(ZR2019BEM004)
淄博市校城融合发展项目(2019ZBXC022)
山东省精密制造与特种加工重点实验室资助(9001/5322027)。
