摘要
采用Preissman四点隐式差分格式对圣维南方程进行离散,应用三级联解法求解方程,构建三峡库区一维水动力模型,2020年和2021年的汛期洪水演进过程模拟结果与实测值吻合良好,表明模型可精准计算三峡库区的洪水演进过程。使用模型探究库区洪水的传播规律,结果显示:上游高洪来水对库尾水位抬升明显,坝址水位顶托作用影响至寸滩站附近;在不同的流量条件下,库区洪水从朱沱演进到坝址约23~44 h,传播时间与坝址水位成负相关,与洪峰流量成正相关;利用模型模拟结果分析寸滩站水位流量关系,模拟值与实测值吻合良好,并且寸滩站洪水过程的水位流量关系曲线呈现复杂的“绳套”状,相关研究成果可为库区各站的洪水调度与预报提供技术支撑。
The Saint-Venant equation is discretized by the Preissmann four-point implicit difference scheme and then solved by the three-step solution method of the channel-junction-channel to build a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model of the Three Gorges Reservoir area.The simulated results of the flood routing process in flood seasons in 2020 and 2021 are in good agreement with the measured values.This indicates that the model can accurately calculate the flood routing process in the Three Gorges Reservoir area.In addition,the model is used to explore the flood propagation laws in the reservoir area.The results show that the high flood discharge from the upstream has a great effect on the rise in the water level at the reservoir tail,and the jacking effect of the water level at the dam site spreads to the vicinity of Cuntan Station.Under different flow conditions,it takes about 23~44 h for the flood in the reservoir area to evolve from Zhutuo to the dam site.The flood propagation time is negatively correlated with water level and positively correlated with peak discharge.The analysis of the water level-flow relationship at Cuntan Station shows that the simulated values are in good conformity with the measured ones,and the water level-flow curve of the flooding process at Cuntan Station is in a complex“rope-loop”shape.The results of this study can provide technical support for flood scheduling and forecasting at the stations in the reservoir area.
作者
王珏
张海荣
孙振宇
张明亮
WANG Jue;ZHANG Hairong;SUN Zhenyu;ZHANG Mingliang(School of Marine Technology and Environment,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;Water Resources Research Center,China Yangtze Power Co.,Ltd.,Yichang 443133,China;State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116025,China)
出处
《人民珠江》
2023年第3期9-16,39,共9页
Pearl River
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(U21A20155、51879028、51909010)。
关键词
一维水动力
数值模拟
洪水演进
水位流量关系
三峡库区
one-dimensional hydrodynamics
numerical simulation
flood routing
water level-flow relationship
Three Gorges Reservoir area
