摘要
微生物菌剂是指由一种或多种微生物参与制成的、具有高活力的、特定效应的生物制品,应用于农作物种植、畜禽饲养、水产养殖业及农业有机废弃物无害化处理中。微生物菌剂具有改善土壤性质,提高作物产量、高效发酵粪便废弃物,释放营养物质、调节养殖水体氨氮,改善水质、降解污水中有机污染物等作用。通过文献阅读和整理介绍了微生物菌剂类型、微生物菌剂的制备,同时阐述了不同种类微生物菌剂、菌剂施加方法(微生物菌剂单施或菌剂复配)在粮食作物生产过程中对土壤酶活性、土壤微生物数量、作物农艺性状、光合效率、产量和品质等应用效果方面的研究进展,并指出今后微生物菌剂的研究方向应侧重于优良菌株选育、有效成分与合理搭配以及应用效果的评价等方面。
Microbial agents,made from one or more microorganisms,are biological products with high vitality and specific effects,they are used in crop planting,livestock and poultry breeding,aquaculture,and the safe treatment of agricultural organic wastes.Microbial agents have the functions such as improvement of soil properties,increase of crop yields,efficient fermentation of fecal waste,release of nutrients,regulation of ammonia nitrogen in aquaculture waters,improvement of water quality,and degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater.Through literature reading and collation,in this article,the types of microbial agents and the preparation of microbial agents were introduced,and the research progress of different types of microbial agents and the application methods of microbial agents(microbial agents alone or in combination)on the application effects on soil enzyme activity,quantity of soil microorganisms,agronomic traits of crops,photosynthetic efficiency,yield and quality were elaborated.It was noted that the research on microbial agents should mainly focus on the selection and breeding of good strains,effective ingredients and reasonable combinations,and the evaluation of application effects.
作者
马学兰
周连玉
巨家升
MA Xuelan;ZHOU Lianyu;JU Jiasheng(Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant and Animal Resources of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai Province/Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability in Qinghai Province/School of Life Science,Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810008,China)
出处
《山西农业科学》
2023年第4期456-461,共6页
Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31760697)
青海省科技计划资助项目(2022-ZJ-740)
青海师范大学大学生创新创业训练项目(qhnucxcy2023063)。
关键词
微生物菌剂
粮食作物
应用效果
microbial agents
grain crops
application effect
