摘要
高校科技成果转化对于经济高质量发展具有重要影响。技术转移办公室(TTO)是打通高校科技成果转化“最后一公里”的重要体制,本文深入分析了TTO体制对高校科技成果转化的关键作用和内在机制。通过匹配高校“TTO-专利权转让”数据,运用PSM-DID研究发现:TTO能够显著增加高校非合作专利转让、合作专利转让和专利转让总数,并且对非合作专利转让的影响更大。这一结论通过了一系列稳健性检验。作用机制上,TTO通过需求匹配效应来激励需求导向的应用研究、通过专利质量效应来激励高价值专利供给,二者分别从需求和供给方面来促进科技成果转化。进一步分析发现,TTO年龄越大、TTO行政层级越高、具有行业背景、具有社会声望、知识产权保护水平较高地区的高校等,TTO体制产生的科技成果转化效应更突出。但是,TTO并没有提升科技成果转化收入,这表明TTO体制仅具有科技成果转化数量效应而缺乏价值效应。本文的研究为进一步完善高校技术转移体制机制提供了改革启示。
University Technology Transfer(UTT)is of utmost significance for high-quality economic development,while TTO is a key system for a breakthrough in the“last mile”of UTT.In this paper,we conduct an in-depth examination of the causal relationship and key mechanisms between TTO and UTT.By matching the TTO-patent transfer data of universities and adopting the PSM-DID method,we find that the TTO.has a causal influence on promoting patent transfer,especially on non-cooperative patent transfer.The conclusion is confirmed by the pre-trend parallel test using the event analysis method(ESA),the Tobit model regression,the exclusion of related policy,the staggered-DID model test using the Callaway and Sant'Anna robust estimator,and the placebo test.The promotion of UTT caused by the TTO system is through the demand matching effect and patent quality effect.These two mechanisms are identified by the proportion of the entrusted funds from enterprises and institutions for scientific and technological activities and the number of main national awards.The empirical test reveals that the TTO system plays a significant role in these two mechanisms.Furthermore,by examining the heterogeneity between TTO and UTT,we reveal that the higher the age of the TTO,the administrative level of the TTO,the industry background,the social prestige,and the level of intellectual property protection,the more prominent the effect caused by the TTO system.Conversely,we also find that the TTO has a limited relationship with the income of the technology transfer contract,which reflects that the system of TTO only has a quantal effect but not a value effect on technology transfer.The paper provides a reform direction for improving the organizational system of technology transfer in colleges and universities.
作者
胡凯
王炜哲
HU Kai;WANG Weizhe(School of Economics,South-Central Minzu University;School of Labor and Human Resources,Renmin University of China)
出处
《数量经济技术经济研究》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期5-27,共23页
Journal of Quantitative & Technological Economics
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(19BJL079)的资助。
关键词
技术转移办公室
专利权转让
应用研究
专利质量
价值效应
Technology Transfer Offices
Patent Transfer
Applied Research
Patent Quality
Value Effect
