摘要
目的:探讨全身振动训练和高强度间歇运动对心肌梗死(myocardial infarction,MI)后机械生长因子(mechanical growth factor,MGF)表达的影响及对受损心功能和骨骼肌的改善效应,探索用于安全有效的心梗康复方案。方法:3月龄清洁级雄性SD大鼠40只,分别进行假心梗手术和心梗手术,随机分为4组:假手术对照组(SHAM组,n=10)、心梗组(MI组,n=10)、心梗+高强度间歇运动组(ME组,n=10)和心梗+全身振动训练组(MV组,n=10)。采用左冠脉前降支结扎法制备大鼠心梗模型。ME和MV组在手术1周后开始训练,ME组采用小动物跑台进行高强度间歇运动,MV组采用小动物振动台进行全身振动训练,共持续训练8周。测定大鼠血流动力学、心率和心电图指标评价心功能。石蜡切片、Masson、TTC和H.E.染色法观察、测算心脏和骨骼肌形态结构变化;Western blot方法测定心肌α-actin和α-myosin表达,心肌和腓肠肌MGF、ERK1/2、pERK1/2和MEK1/2表达,RT-qPCR测定腓肠肌和心肌mgf mRNA表达。结果:1)与SHAM组比较,MI组心肌CVF显著增加,心系数和心功能显著降低(P<0.01),心梗边缘区α-actin和α-myosin蛋白表达显著降低(P<0.01),腓肠肌质量和CSA显著降低(P<0.01),心肌和腓肠肌mgf mRNA表达,MGF和MEK1/2蛋白表达及pERK1/2与ERK1/2比值显著性升高(P<0.01)。2)与MI组比较,MV组与ME组心肌CVF显著降低,心系数和心功能显著升高,心梗边缘区α-actin和α-myosin蛋白表达显著升高(P<0.01),腓肠肌质量和CSA显著增加(P<0.05,P<0.01),心肌和腓肠肌mgf mRNA表达、MGF和MEK1/2蛋白表达及pERK1/2与ERK1/2比值进一步升高(P<0.01),且MV组均优于ME组。结论:全身振动训练和高强度间歇运动显著提高心梗心肌和骨骼肌MGF-MEK1/2-ERK1/2表达水平,缩小心梗面积扩大并改善心功能,缓解心梗诱导的骨骼肌减少。MGF-MEK1/2-ERK1/2通路在全身振动训练和高强度间歇运动改善心梗心功能和骨骼肌减少中发挥重要作用,且全身振动训练优于高强度间歇运动的效果。
Objective:To explore the effect of whole-body vibration training and high-intensity intermittent exercise on the expression of mechanical growth factor(MGF)after myocardial infarction(MI)and on the improvement of damaged cardiac function and skeletal muscle,so as to explorea new theoretical basis for safe and effective rehabilitation programs for myocardial infarction and improvement of ischemic heart disease.Methods:Three-month-old clean-grade male SD rats(n=40)were randomly divided into 4 groups:Sham-operated group(SHAM,n=10),sedentary MI group(MI,n=10),MI with high-intensity intermittent exercise group(ME,n=10),and MI with whole-body vibration training group(MV,n=10).The rat model of myocardial infarction was established by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery.The ME and MV groups started training 1 week after surgery.The ME group was given high-intensity intermittent exercise with an animal treadmill and the MV group was given whole-body vibration training with animal vibration platform for 8 weeks.The hemodynamics,heart rate,and electrocardiographic indexes of rats were measured to evaluate cardiac function.The morphological and structural changes in the heart and skeletal muscle were observed and measured by paraffin section,Masson,TTC,and H.E.staining.The expression ofα-actin andα-myosin in the myocardium,the expression of MGF,ERK1/2,pERK1/2,and MEK1/2 in myocardium and gastrocnemius were measured by Western blot,the expression of mgf mRNA in myocardium and gastrocnemius was measured by RT-qPCR.Results:1)Compared with the SHAM group,CVF of myocardium in the MI group was significantly increased,cardiac coefficient and function were significantly decreased(P<0.01),α-actin andα-myosin protein expression in myocardial infarction border area was significantly decreased(P<0.01),gastrocnemius weight and CSA were significantly decreased(P<0.01),the expression of mgf mRNA,MGF,and MEK_(1/2) protein in myocardium and gastrocnemius,and the ratio of pERK_(1/2) to ERK_(1/2) were significantly increased(P<0.01).2)Compared with the MI group,CVF of myocardium in the MV and ME groups was significantly decreased,cardiac coefficient and cardiac function were significantly increased,α-actin andα-myosin protein expression in myocardial infarction border area was significantly increased(P<0.01),gastrocnemius weight and CSA were significantly increased(P<0.05,P<0.01),the expression of mgf mRNA,MGF,and MEK_(1/2) protein in the myocardium and gastrocnemius muscle,and the ratio of pERK_(1/2) to ERK_(1/2) were further increased(P<0.01).and the MV Group was superior to the ME group.Conclusions:Whole-body vibration training and high-intensity intermittent exercise can significantly improve the expression level of MGF MEK_(1/2)-ERK_(1/2) in myocardial infarction and skeletal muscle,reduce the expansion of myocardial infarction area and improve the cardiac function,and alleviate the decrease of skeletal muscle induced by myocardial infarction.The MGF-MEK_(1/2)-ERK_(1/2) pathway plays an important role in improving myocardial infarction cardiac function and skeletal muscle decrease by whole-body vibration training and high-intensity intermittent exercise,and the effect of whole-body vibration training is better than that of high-intensity intermittent exercise.
作者
李博文
田蕾
冯丽丽
潘收
田振军
LI Bowen;TIAN Lei;FENG Lili;PAN Shou;TIAN Zhenjun(Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710119,China;Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)
出处
《中国体育科技》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第3期58-66,共9页
China Sport Science and Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31671240)。
关键词
机械生长因子
全身振动训练
高强度间歇运动
心肌梗死
骨骼肌减少
mechanical growth factor(MGF)
whole-body vibration training
high-intensity intermittent exercise
myocardial infarction
skeletal muscle decrease
