摘要
目的对哈尔滨市25~35岁妇女优生知识水平进行调查,并总结其影响因素。方法将哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院接受产检的25~35岁妇女1245名作为研究对象,对其进行面对面的问卷调查,对该组妇女的优生知识掌握情况以及获取途径进行调查;统计该组妇女对优生知识知晓情况,并对其影响因素进行多因素的Logistic回归分析。结果该组妇女共1245名,发放了1245份调查问卷,回收有效问卷1203份,回收有效率为99.63%。该组妇女对优生知识掌握情况排名前三位的项目分别为使用何种方法可安全避孕、孕检的必要性、较为常见的几类出生缺陷,分别为84.29%、82.38%、76.97%。该组妇女实际获取优生知识的途径排名第一位的途径为网络途径,占72.73%,希望获取的途径第一位的途径为专业医疗机构,占59.35%。符合本次研究的该组妇女共1203名,优生知识知晓率为65.17%(784/1203),行单因素分析可见,妇女的年龄、文化程度、职业、既往生育史及妊娠史与妇女优生知识知晓率相关(P<0.05)。将上述存在统计差异的因素纳入到多因素的Logistic回归方程中,以年龄、文化程度、职业、既往生育史及妊娠史作为自变量,以妇女优生知识知晓率作为因变量,结果可见,年龄25~30岁、文化程度为初中及以下、职业为工人或农民、无既往生育史及妊娠史可作为影响妇女优生知识知晓率的高危因素(P<0.05)。结论哈尔滨市25~35岁妇女对优生知识的掌握情况并不高,在日常临床工作中需要加强对年龄较低以及低文化水平的人群进行更多的健康教育与指导,进一步地普及更多的优生知识,由此提高妇幼保健水平。
Objective To investigate the knowledge level of eugenics among women aged 25 to 35 in Harbin,and to summarize its influencing factors.Methods Taking 1245 women aged 25 to 35 who received obstetric examination in First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University as the research object,a face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the knowledge of eugenics and how to obtain it.Knowledge of eugenics knowledge and its influencing factors were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression.Results There were 1245 women in this group,1245 questionnaires were distributed,1203 valid questionnaires were recovered,and the effective rate was 99.63%.The top three items in this group of women’s knowledge of eugenics were which method to use for safe contraception,the necessity of pregnancy testing,and the more common types of birth defects,which were 84.29%,82.38%,and 76.97%,respectively.The way women in this group actually obtained eugenic knowledge ranked first was the internet,accounting for 72.73%,and the first way they hoped to obtain was professional medical institutions,accounting for 59.35%.There are a total of 1203 women in this group,and the awareness rate of eugenics knowledge is 65.17%(784/1203).Univariate analysis shows that women’s age,education level,occupation,previous reproductive history and pregnancy history are related to women’s eugenics knowledge.Awareness rate was correlated(P<0.05).The above factors with statistical differences were incorporated into the multi-factor Logistic regression equation,with age,education level,occupation,previous reproductive history and pregnancy history as independent variables,and the awareness rate of women’s eugenics knowledge as dependent variables.Low level,junior high school education level or below,occupation in work or rural area,no previous birth history and pregnancy history can be regarded as high risk factors affecting the awareness rate of women’s eugenics knowledge(P<0.05).Conclusion Women aged 25 to 35 in Harbin have a low grasp of eugenics knowledge.In daily clinical work,it is necessary to strengthen more health education and guidance for people with lower age and low educational level.More knowledge of eugenics,thereby improving the level of maternal and child health care.
作者
尹慧婷
YIN Huiting(Second Ward of Gynecology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150001,China)
出处
《中国优生与遗传杂志》
2023年第3期635-638,共4页
Chinese Journal of Birth Health & Heredity
关键词
妇女
优生
知识水平
影响因素
women
eugenics
knowledge level
influencing factors
