摘要
褐菖鲉(Sebastiscus marmoratus)常见于西北太平洋近海的暖温水域底层,是我国重要的广布型海洋经济鱼类。研究褐菖鲉群体间形态差异及其与生境的关系,能够为我国近海鱼类多样性保护提供基础资料。鉴于生物多元统计需要尽量缩小不同鱼类群体大小和规格差异为前提,通过传统形态测定和多变量框架量度相结合的方法,采用主成分分析、判别分析、聚类分析和单因素方差分析多元统计方法,对采集自浙江舟山、福建厦门、广东汕头及广西北海附近海域的4个褐菖鲉群体共112尾个体的8个分节特征和15个量度特征开展研究。结果显示,不同群体间可数性状特征差异不明显,难以作为有效区分4个褐菖鲉群体的依据;结合框架法和传统形态学进行研判,4个群体的综合判别正确率在81.5%~96.7%。主成分分析表明,前4个主成分累积贡献率为51.74%,北海群体和舟山群体的形态特征指标分别与其他2个群体存在一定程度的分化。相比于北海群体,厦门群体的尾柄更长、头部更小。生境差异以及褐菖鲉生活范围相对稳定,使得被隔绝于相对独立生活环境的群体产生了形态特征上的适应性分化。由于东海海域和南海海域之间的联通性,不同海域的褐菖鲉群体之间因摄食、繁殖等出现的短距离迁徙和短暂的基因交流,在一定程度上削弱了形态特征的分化。
Sebastiscus marmoratus is a common species in the warm water of bottom layers in the Northwest Pacific Ocean.It is a commercially valuable fish in China,widely distributed in the Bohai Sea,the Yellow Sea,the East China Sea and the South China Sea.S.marmoratus is also a marine environment indicator and used for monitoring ecological health.Thus,a study of the morphological differences among different S.marmoratus geographic populations and their relationship to habitat is of significance for studying fish biodiversity and resource protection in the offshore waters of China.In this study,we analyzed the morpho⁃logical differences among four S.marmoratus geographic populations(Zhoushan of Zhejiang Province,Xia⁃men of Fujian Province,Shantou of Guangdong Province and Beihai of Guangxi Province),and investigated the relationship of morphological variation with habitat using principal component analysis,discriminant analysis,cluster analysis and one-way ANOVA.From January to March of 2016,a total of 112 S.marmoratus specimens were collected from the four areas,and 8 segmented characteristics and 15 measurable param⁃eters of the specimens were measured,combining traditional morphological measurements and multivari⁃able frame measurement methods.Results show that there were no significant differences in countable traits among the different geographic populations,so these traits alone cannot be used to distinguish the four S.marmoratus populations.However,combined with frame characteristics and traditional morphological comparisons,the comprehensive discrimination accuracy of the four groups was 81.5%-96.7%.Principal component analysis shows that the cumulative contribution of the first four principal components was 51.74%,and the morphological characteristics of the Beihai and Zhoushan populations could,to some de⁃gree,be differentiated from the other two populations.Compared with the Beihai population,the Xiamen population had a longer tail and smaller head.The relative stability of the habitat differences among the geo⁃graphic populations has led to adaptive differentiation in morphological characteristics.However,because of the connectivity between the East China Sea and the South China Sea and short-distance migration for feeding and reproduction,there is short term gene exchange that weakens the differentiation of morphologi⁃cal characteristics.
作者
刘璐
周永东
高天翔
LIU Lu;ZHOU Yong-dong;GAO Tian-xiang(Naval Architecture and Port Engineering College,Shandong Jiaotong University,Weihai 264209,P.R.China;Marine Fishery Institute of Zhejiang Province,Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fishery Resource of Zhejiang Province,Zhoushan 316021,P.R.China;Fishery College,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316021,P.R.China)
出处
《水生态学杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期81-88,共8页
Journal of Hydroecology
基金
浙江省重点研发计划项目(2021C2047)
浙江省海洋渔业资源可持续利用技术研究重点实验室开放课题(2016KF004)
山东交通学院博士科研启动基金(BS201902051)。
关键词
褐菖鲉
地理群体
形态特征
适应性分化
Sebastiscus marmoratus
geographic population
morphological characteristics
adaptive differentiation
