摘要
近年来,各种人为和自然因素导致了青海祁连山山区局部出现了严重的生态破坏,加剧了祁连山雪豹生境的退化,如何有效地对雪豹生境进行适宜性评价是恢复和改善祁连山生态环境的重要途径。本研究基于3S技术,在青海祁连山雪豹分布区利用红外相机监测、日常巡护监测以及雪豹粪便、脚印等痕迹获得其分布点数据并综合考虑气候、地形、植被、人为干扰等关键环境变量,运用MAXENT模型对青海祁连山区域雪豹生境适宜性进行分析评价。研究结果表明:岩羊密度、降雨和海拔是影响雪豹生境选择的关键因子,适宜生境总面积为13935.98 km^(2),占研究区域的37%,而大约48%的适宜生境分布在保护区外。现有功能区下雪豹保护的关键区域为位于保护区中部及西北部区域的祁连山中段疏勒南山-托勒南山区域,另有部分最适宜区位于保护区管辖范围之外的祁连县北部的沙龙滩管护站、托勒河源管护站及瓦乎斯管护站所在区域。
Severely ecological damage in the Qilian Mountains is aggravating the fragmentation and degradation of the vulnerable snow leopard's habitat.This damage in recent years comes from both human and natural factors.Evaluating this habitat is a key component to improve,and perhaps restore,the creature's home.The data from infrared cameras,snow leopard excrement,and snow leopard footprints was integrated with climate,terrain,and disturbance factors.The MAXENT model was used to evaluate the habitat's suitability for the snow leopard.The results show that the rainfall,altitude,and the density of bharal(blue sheep)are critical factors for the habitat's suitability.About 37%(~14000 km^(2))of the study area was found to be suitable.Unfortunately,not all this suitable area was protected by the nature reserve.Snow Leopard protection is most critically needed in the Shulenan Mountain and Tuolenan Mountain areas within in the Qilian Mountain range,located in the central and northwestern region of the reserve.Outside of the reserve,Sharon Beach Management Station,Tuole River Headwater Management Station,and Wahusi Management and Protection Station in the northern part of Qilian County are also critical areas needing protection for the Snow Leopard.
作者
李芳菲
李丽
吴巩胜
袁磊
孟春林
国洪艳
周跃
马存新
高雅月
薛亚东
李迪强
代云川
LI Fangfei;LI Li;WU Gongsheng;YUAN Lei;MENG Chunlin;GUO Hongyan;ZHOU Yue;MA Cunxin;GAO Yayue;XUE Yadong;LI Diqiang;DAI Yunchuan(School of Urban and Environment,Yunnan University of Finance and Economics,Kunming 650221,China;Wildlife Management and Ecosystem Health Center,Yunnan University of Finance and Economics,Kunming 650221,China;Qinghai Service Guarantee Center of Qilian Mountain National Park,Xining 810000,China;Qinghai Administration of Qilian Mountain National Park/National Long-term Scientific Research Base of Qilian Mountain National Park,Xining 810000,China;Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation,State Forestry and Grassland Administration,Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Institute for Ecology and Environmental Resources,Research Center for Ecological Security and Green Development,Chongqing Academy of Social Sciences,Chongqing 400020,China)
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期2202-2209,共8页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家重点研发项目课题(2017YFC0506405)。
