基于波束-波数域非相干匹配的浅海运动声源深度估计方法

A method of estimating depth of moving sound source in shallow sea based on incoherently matched beam-wavenumber

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摘要浅海波导运动声源定位研究中,在声源距离未知时估计声源深度一直是个具有挑战性的问题.现有深度估计方法对声源未知初始距离敏感,且要求声源运动形成的水平合成孔径长度远大于模态干涉长度.针对这两个问题,本文提出一种基于波束-波数域非相干匹配的浅海运动声源深度估计方法,首先将垂直阵接收声压数据在深度和水平合成孔径方向分别进行波束形成变换到波束-波数域,波束-波数平面的峰值幅度仅包含与声源深度有关的模态激励,峰值位置与模态传播角和水平波数相对应;然后,在波束-波数平面内提取各峰值幅度,并与拷贝计算的模态深度函数进行非相干匹配,实现声源深度估计.所提方法在波束-波数二维平面内进行模态分离,消除了声源距离相关项,提高了模态分辨能力,可在声源初始距离未知和水平合成孔径长度小于模态干涉长度的情况下实现声源深度估计.仿真和SWellEx-96实验数据处理结果验证了所提方法的优越性能. Estimating the depth of a moving source with unknown source range is always a challenging problem in shallow water waveguides.The method of estimating the current motion source depth is sensitive to the unknown initial range and requires the horizontal synthetic aperture length formed by the motion of the source to be much longer than the modal interference period.Presented in this work is a method to estimate the depth of moving source based on the incoherently matched beam-wavenumber.In the beam-wavenumber domain,each peak amplitude only contains the modal excitation related to source depth,and each peak position corresponds to the mode propagation angle and the horizontal wavenumber.In this method,the received data are first used to perform beam-formed transformation in the vertical depth and horizontal synthetic aperture direction,and transformed into the beam-wavenumber domain.Then beam-wavenumber peak amplitudes are extracted and incoherently matched with the modal depth function to estimate the source depth.The proposed method is used to eliminate the unknown distance dependent term and improves the mode resolution by performing mode separation in the beam-wavenumber two-dimensional domain.The prominent feature of this method lies in realizing the source depth estimation at the unknown initial range and the horizontal synthetic aperture length which is smaller than the mode interference period.The simulation and SWellEx-96 experimental data processing results validate the superior performance of the proposed method.

作者周玉媛孙超谢磊刘宗伟 Zhou Yu-Yuan;Sun Chao;Xie Lei;Liu Zong-Wei(School of Marine Science and Technology,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China;Key Laboratory of Ocean Acoustic and Sensing,Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China;Qingdao Research Institute,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Qingdao 266200,China;First Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources,Qingdao 266061,China)

机构地区西北工业大学航海学院西北工业大学西北工业大学青岛研究院自然资源部第一海洋研究所