摘要
利用安徽寿县2019年1月12日和13日两次浓雾过程地面与20 m高度处的雾滴谱和能见度数据,对雾不同发展阶段的谱分布、雾滴数浓度、含水量、平均直径、谱宽等微物理特征及不同微物理量(数浓度、含水量、平均直径)之间的相关性进行了分析。结果表明:两次雾过程均为辐射雾;当贴地强逆温结构维持时,能使水汽抑制在逆温层内,有利于浓雾的长期维持。20 m高度处雾的形成时间晚于地面,在形成、发展和成熟阶段前期,地面各微物理特征量都大于20 m高度处。成熟阶段后期,可能由于雾凝结释放潜热、地面加热等过程增加了雾中的湍流混合强度,让雾在垂直方向上变得均匀。两个高度雾过程均以核化、凝结增长为主,但在地面雾中碰并也起了重要作用。地面雾从形成、发展再到成熟阶段,碰并过程逐渐增强,数浓度、含水量、平均直径之间的相关关系从较强正相关到弱正相关或负相关;20 m高度处雾从成熟阶段的前期到后期,平均直径与数浓度从正相关变为负相关,这可能与湍流运动、夹卷混合等因素有关。
Using the fog droplet spectrum and visibility data of two dense fog processes in 12-13 January 2019 in Shouxian,Anhui Province,the microphysical characteristics(such as the size distribution,droplet number concentration,liquid water content,average diameter,spectral width,etc.)and the correlations among microphysical properties(number concentration,liquid water content,average diameter)in the different stages of fog are analyzed.The results show that both the fog processes were radiation fog.If the strong inversion structure close to the ground maintains,the water vapor can be restrained in the inversion layer,conducive to the long-term maintenance of dense fog.The formation time of the fog at 20 m was later than that on the surface.In the early stages of formation,development and maturity,the microphysical characteristics of the surface fog were all larger than that at 20 m.At the late stage of maturity,the release of latent heat by condensation and ground heating might increase the intensity of turbulent mixing in the fog,making the fog uniform in the vertical direction.The fog processes at two heights were dominated by nucleation and condensation growth,but the collision-coalescence process also played an important role in the fog on the surface.From the stages of formation,development to maturity,the collision-coalescence processes of the ground fog gradually strengthened.The correlation among the number concentration,water content,and average diameter generally changed from strong positive correlation to weak positive or negative correlation.From the early stage to the late stage of the mature stage,the relationship between average diameter and number concentration of the fog at 20 m height changed from a positive correlation to a negative correlation,which was likely to be related to the factors such as turbulent motion,entrainment mixing,etc.
作者
朱世珍
张昭艺
吴诗晓
杨军
王兆宇
石春娥
胡汉峰
张浩
倪婷
邱玉珺
陆春松
ZHU Shizhen;ZHANG Zhaoyi;WU Shixiao;YANG Jun;WANG Zhaoyu;SHI Chun’e;HU Hanfeng;ZHANG Hao;NI Ting;QIU Yujun;LU Chunsong(Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044;Qinghai Meteorological Disaster Prevention Technology Center,Xining 810001;Shangqiu Meteorological Office of Henan Province,Shangqiu 476000;Tianjin Weather Modification Office,Tianjin 300074;Anhui Institute of Meteorological Sciences/Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Sciences and Satellite Remote Sensing,Hefei 230031;Shouxian National Climatology Observatory/Huaihe River Basin Typical Farm Eco-Meteorological Experiment Field of CMA,Anhui,Shouxian 232200)
出处
《气象》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期327-339,共13页
Meteorological Monthly
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41675135、41875171、41675018、42075073)共同资助。
关键词
辐射雾
微物理特征
微物理量相关性
radiation fog
microphysical characteristic
microphysical correlation
