摘要
妊娠期糖尿病是妊娠期特有并发症,主要是指妊娠期出现的糖代谢异常。通常情况下,妊娠期间的糖尿病涵盖两种类型,一种为在妊娠前患者已经存在糖尿病,但是并未查出,即糖尿病合并妊娠;还有一种为妊娠前糖代谢为正常状态,或存在潜在性的糖耐量减退,在妊娠期后才出现糖尿病,即妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)。近年来,我国GDM发生率有增加的趋势,GDM患者的血糖增高容易发生妊娠期并发症,可导致多种母婴不良妊娠结果,严重危害母婴健康。尤其是在农村中发生GDM的孕妇,由于膳食结构不合理,缺乏健康饮食知识和孕期健康生活理念,所以高度重视农村GDM血糖控制情况,可有效改善孕产妇及胎儿的不良妊娠结果。GDM后期发生2型糖尿病的风险较普通人群高7倍以上,因此规范化管理农村GDM孕妇对母儿近、远期并发症的防治是十分重要的,即指导合理饮食、合理运动、合理用药,实施心理护理,做好健康教育,使农村GDM孕妇能加深对妊娠期糖尿病的认识,并做到早期诊断和早期治疗。
Gestational diabetes mellitus is a special complication of pregnancy,which mainly refers to abnormal glucose metabolism during pregnancy.Usually,there are two types of diabetes during pregnancy,one is the patient before pregnancy had diabetes,but not detected,that is,diabetes combined with pregnancy;there is also normal glucose metabolism before pregnancy,or potential impaired glucose tolerance,and diabetes only appears after pregnancy,that is,gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).In recent years,the incidence rate of GDM is also increasing.The increase of blood sugar in GDM patients is prone to complications during pregnancy,which can lead to a variety of adverse pregnancy outcomes and seriously harm the health of mother and child.Especially for pregnant women with GDM in rural areas,due to unreasonable dietary structure,lack of knowledge of healthy diet and concept of healthy life during pregnancy,we should attach great importance to blood glucose control of GDM in rural areas,which can effectively improve the adverse pregnancy outcomes of pregnant women and infants.The risk of type 2 diabetes in the late stage of GDM is more than 7 times higher than that of the general population.Therefore,it is very important to standardize the management of rural pregnant women with GDM for the prevention and treatment of near and long-term complications of mother and child,that is,to guide reasonable diet,reasonable exercise,rational drug use,implementation of psychological nursing,good health education,so that rural pregnant women with GDM can understand gestational diabetes to deepen.And achieve early diagnosis and early treatment.
作者
廖冬兰
黄彩艳
苏美基
龙素苇
韦青梅
周雯
LIAO Donglan;HUANG Caiyan;SU Meiji;LONG Suwei;WEI Qingmei;ZHOU Wen(Department of Endocrinology,Baise People's Hospital,Baise,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,533000 China)
出处
《糖尿病新世界》
2023年第1期190-194,共5页
Diabetes New World Magazine
关键词
妊娠期糖尿病
农村
护理
Gestational diabetes mellitus
Rural areas
Nursing
