摘要
目的比较分析2012年1月1日至2021年12月31日南宁市取消互助献血前后无偿献血者血液检测人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)阳性结果,为采供血机构制订安全的献血者招募策略提供数据支持。方法2012年1月1日至2021年12月31日南宁市参与无偿献血的献血者共1332997人次,以取消互助献血前(2012年1月1日至2016年12月31日)的献血者619116人次为观察组,以取消互助献血后(2017年1月1日至2021年12月31日)的献血者713881人次为对照组。对两组献血者的血液标本进行酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA),筛选HIV抗原和抗体(HIV Ab/Ag)呈反应性的标本记为阳性标本进行比较。结果观察组与对照组的献血者HIV阳性率相比,观察组HIV阳性率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组和对照组不同年龄段、不同职业、不同文化程度献血者HIV阳性率相比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),各年龄段以及农民和初中文化程度献血者HIV阳性率均有所下降。结论南宁市取消互助献血后献血者HIV阳性率有所下降,临床用血供应和血液安全得到保障,但是HIV感染的形势依旧严峻,需要采取更加行之有效的献血宣传招募策略等措施,做好艾滋病的宣传教育和防控工作,阻断HIV经血液传播途径,保障临床用血安全。
Objective To comparatively analyze the blood human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-positive results of voluntary blood donors before and after the abolition of mutual blood donation(MBD)in Nanning City from January 1,2012 to December 31,so as to provide data support for blood collection and supply institutions to develop safe donor recruitment strategies.Methods A total of 1332997 people who donated their blood voluntarily in Nanning City from January 1,2012 to December 31,2021 were selected as study subjects,and those donating their blood before the abolition of MBD(from January 1,2012 to December 31,2016)were selected as an observation group(n=619116),while those donating their blood after the abolition of MBD(from January 1,2017 to December 31,2021)were selected as a control group(n=713,881).Blood specimens from both groups were subjected to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and those that were reactive for HIV antigen and antibody(HIV Ab/Ag)were screened as positive specimens for comparison between the two groups.Results There was statistically significant difference between the observation group and the control group in the HIV-positive rate before and after the abolition of MBD(P<0.05),and the HIV-positive rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group.There were statistically significant differences in the HIV-positive rate between the observation group and the control group(P<0.05)of blood donors of different ages,occupations and educational levels,and the HIV-positive rate in the control group was lower than that in the observation group of blood donors of all ages and those who are farmers and those with junior high school education experience.Conclusion The decreased HIV-positive rate among blood donors after the abolition of MBD in Nanning City ensured the clinical blood supply and blood safety.However,this does not alleviate the serious situation of HIV infection,therefore,more effective measures such as blood donation publicity and donor recruitment strategies are needed to promote the propaganda education and prevention and control of acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS),block the transmission of HIV through blood and ensure clinical blood safety.
作者
张波
ZHANG Bo(Blood Collection Department,Nanning Blood Center,Guangxi,Nanning 530007,China)
出处
《中国医药科学》
2023年第8期136-140,共5页
China Medicine And Pharmacy
关键词
南宁市
互助献血
无偿献血
HIV阳性率
血液检测
经血传播疾病
Nanning City
Mutual blood donation
Voluntary blood donation
HIV-positive rate
Blood test
Blood-borne diseases
