摘要
目的 了解长沙市居民健康素养与吸烟、饮酒、身体活动3种常见健康相关行为分布特征,探索健康素养与健康相关行为的关系。方法 采用多阶段随机抽样方法,2020年9月至12月长沙市对15-69岁常住居民开展现况调查。结果 实际调查4 701人,吸烟者构成比为25.40%,经常饮酒者构成比为17.17%,缺乏身体活动者构成比为58.05%;同时没有吸烟、经常饮酒、缺乏身体活动3种健康危险行为的调查对象构成比为29.25%;持1种健康危险行为者构成比为47.90%;持2种健康危险行为者构成比为15.83%;持3种健康危险行为者构成比为7.02%。调查对象的健康素养具备率为28.02%,吸烟者、经常饮酒者的健康素养具备率分别低于非吸烟者、较少或不饮酒者,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=61.965,7.167,P均<0.05);缺乏身体活动者的健康素养具备率高于充分身体活动者,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.079,P<0.05);对持有不同数量健康危险行为的调查对象,健康素养具备率的差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=47.489,P<0.05)。logistic回归结果显示,具备健康素养是发生吸烟行为的影响因素(OR=0.601;95%CI:0.490-0.737),与发生饮酒行为和缺乏身体活动均没有关联;具备健康素养是持有2种(OR=0.703,95%CI:0.547-0.904)或3种(OR=0.619,95%CI:0.443-0.864)健康危险行为的影响因素。结论 具备健康素养是长沙市居民发生吸烟行为的保护因素,具备健康素养者持有1种以上健康危险行为的可能性更小,可以通过提升健康素养水平,促使长沙市居民改善健康相关行为。
Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of health literacy and there common health-related behaviors(smoking, drinking and physical activity) among residents in Changsha City, and to explore the associations between health literacy and health-related behaviors.Methods A multi-stage random sampling method was used to conduct a cross-sectional survey among permanent residents at ages of 15 to 69 years in Changsha City during the period from September to December, 2020.Results A total of 4 701 residents were enrolled.The proportions of smoking, frequent alcohol consumption and insufficient physical activity were 25.40%,17.17% and 58.05% among the participants, and the proportion of participants without smoking, frequent alcohol consumption and insufficient physical activity was 29.25%.The proportions of participants with one, two and three common health-related behaviors were 47.90%,15.83% and 7.02%,respectively.The overall prevalence of health literacy was 28.02% among the participants, and higher prevalence rates of health literacy were found among smokers and participants with frequent alcohol consumption than among non-smokers and participants with rare alcohol consumption or without alcohol consumption, and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=61.965 and 7.167,all P<0.05).In addition, the prevalence of health literacy was higher among participants with insufficient physical activity than among those with sufficient physical activity, and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=6.079,P<0.05),and there was a significant difference in the prevalence of health literacy among participants with different numbers of the three common health-related behaviors(χ^(2)=47.489,P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis identified health literacy as a factor impacting smoking [odds ratio(OR)=0.601,95% confidential interval(CI):(0.490-0.737)],and showed no associations of health literacy with alcohol consumption or insufficient physical activity, while health literacy was identified as factors affecting the development of two [OR=0.703,95%CI:(0.547-0.904)]or three common health-related behaviors[OR=0.619,95%CI:(0.443-0.864)].Conclusion Health literacy is a protective factor of smoking behaviors among residents in Changsha City, and residents with health literacy are less likely to have more than one of the threecommon health-related behavior.Improving health literacy may facilitate the improvements in health-related behaviors among residents in Changsha City.
作者
周瑛瑛
周婧瑜
谢果红
杨栋
周苍海
陈剑
ZHOU Ying-ying;ZHOU Jing-yu;XIE Guo-hong;YANG Dong;ZHOU Cang-hai;CHEN Jian(Department of Health Promotion,Changsha Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hunan 410004,China)
出处
《医学动物防制》
2023年第2期141-145,149,共6页
Journal of Medical Pest Control
基金
长沙市科学技术局科研立项项目(KQ1801137)。
关键词
健康素养
健康相关行为
吸烟
饮酒
身体活动
影响因素
Health literacy
Health-related behavior
Smoking
Alchohol consumption
Drinking
Influencing factor
