摘要
本研究旨在探究实用饲料中棉籽浓缩蛋白替代鱼粉对凡纳滨对虾生长性能和肌肉品质的影响。在鱼粉含量为200 g/kg的基础饲料中,分别以0、52、104、156、208 g/kg棉籽浓缩蛋白等蛋白质替代基础饲料中0、25%、50%、75%、100%的鱼粉,制成5种等氮等脂试验饲料(FM20、FM15、FM10、FM5和FM0),并补充主要限制性氨基酸和胆固醇,饲喂初始体重为(1.20±0.05)g的凡纳滨对虾56 d。结果显示:与对照组(FM20组)相比,FM15、FM10组的生长性能无显著差异(P>0.05),FM5、FM0组的增重率分别下降13.3%、16.2%(P<0.05),饲料系数分别升高0.11、0.13(P<0.05);FM10、FM5、FM0组的出肉率显著降低(P<0.05)。在肌肉品质方面,各鱼粉替代组的体色以及肌肉质构特性(硬度、弹性、黏聚性、咀嚼性、剪切力)、常规成分与氨基酸(异亮氨酸和酪氨酸除外)含量和游离氨基酸、游离鲜味氨基酸总量与对照组相比均无显著差异(P>0.05);各组在肌肉超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和胶原蛋白、丙二醛(MDA)、游离棉酚含量上也无显著差异(P>0.05)。综上可知,在鱼粉含量为200 g/kg的实用饲料中,在补充主要限制性氨基酸和胆固醇的条件下,棉籽浓缩蛋白可以替代100 g/kg(50%)的鱼粉而对凡纳滨对虾的生长性能和肌肉品质没有显著影响。
This study investigated the effects of replacing fish meal with cottonseed protein concentrate(CPC)in practical diet on growth performance and flesh quality of Pacific white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei).A basal diet was designed to contain 200 g/kg fish meal,and then five iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipidic experimental diets were prepared by replacing 0,25%,50%,75%and 100%fish meal with 0,52,104,156 and 208 g/kg CPC and supplemented with main limiting amino acids and cholesterol,the fish meal content in the five iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipidic experimental diets was 200(FM20),150(FM15),100(FM10),50(FM5)and 0 g/kg(FM0),respectively.The five iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipidic experimental diets were fed to Pacific white shrimp with the initial body weight of(1.20±0.05)g for 56 days.The results showed that compared with the control group(FM20 group),the FM15 and FM10 groups showed no significant difference in the growth performance(P>0.05),while the weight gain rate was decreased by 13.3%and 16.2%(P<0.05),and the feed conversion ratio was increased by 0.11 and 0.13(P<0.05)of FM5 and FM0 groups,respectively.The meat yield of FM10,FM5 and FM0 groups was also significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).In flesh quality,all the substituted fish meal groups presented no significant differences in body color,flesh texture characteristics(hardness,springness,cohesiveness,chewiness and shear force),the contents of routine components and amino acids,the sum of free amino acids and free delicious amino acids compared with the control group(P>0.05).No significant differences in superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,malondialdehyde(MDA),collagen and free gossypol contents in flesh were found among all the groups(P>0.05).In conclusion,with the supplementation of limiting amino acids and cholesterol,CPC can successfully substitute 100 g/kg(50%)fish meal in a practical diet containing 200 g/kg fish meal without adverse effects on the growth performance and flesh quality of Pacific white shrimp.
作者
张鑫
姚文祥
李小勤
冷向军
ZHANG Xin;YAO Wenxiang;LI Xiaoqin;LENG Xiangjun(National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding,Shanghai 201306,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期2465-2477,共13页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
科技部蓝色粮仓科技创新重大专项基金(2019YFD900200)。
关键词
凡纳滨对虾
鱼粉
棉籽浓缩蛋白
生长性能
肌肉品质
游离棉酚
Pacific white shrimp
fish meal
cottonseed protein concentrate
growth performance
flesh quality
free gossypol
