摘要
梳理科学学教育在中国的发展历程与现状,分析我国高校与科研院所科学学教育尚存的问题,为推动我国科学学学科发展及教育水平提升、向国家和社会输送高质量的科学学理论和科技管理人才、助力国家科技自立自强建设提供参考。以文献计量为主要研究方法,通过中国知网、各高校官网、相关研究会官网、相关年鉴等途径收集信息,对我国科学学教育发展脉络进行梳理,具体包括各高校与科研院所设立科学学相关学科专业、开设相关课程、科学学类教材编纂出版情况,发现存在的问题并提出相关对策等。当前我国科学学学科建设尚不完备,科学学教育在大学中尚未推广开来。科学学教育发展仍面临挑战,包括科学学教育缺乏理论支撑与知识体系,科学学教学工作分散影响人才集中定向培养,科学学专业与课程的缺乏影响生源积累,科学学学科认同度与影响力不足。科学学教育应始终面向国家重大战略需求,应加强面向本科生的科学学专业与课程建设,个性化培养科学学“通才”与“专才”,加强对科学学学科的宣传,积极互鉴相关高校发展经验。
The development and present situation of science of science education in China are summarized,and the problems of science of science education in universities and research institutes are analyzed.It provides reference for promoting the development of science of science and education in China,providing high-quality theory of science of science and science and technology management personnel to the country and society,and assisting the construction of national science and technology self-reliance.With bibliometrics as the main research method,the existing literatures and relevant classical monographs in CNKI are reviewed to understand the research progress.Information was collected through CNKI,the official websites of universities,relevant research institutes and relevant yearbooks to sort out the development of science of science education in China,summarize the existing problems and put forward relevant countermeasures.This research presents the development of science of science discipline construction and teaching in China from various perspectives,including:(1) The development of science of science discipline construction and education in China.(2) The situation of major universities with science of science majors.(3) Relevant universities carrying out science of science education.(4) Major books and teaching materials in science of science.(5) Dalian University of Technology,an important base for science of science education.The main challenges in the development of science of science education are summarized,including:(1) The lack of theoretical support and knowledge system of science of science education.The tendency of scientific research is to emphasize practical research rather than theoretical research,which affects the legalization of disciplinary structure and the foundation of science of science education.The subject independence of science of science is not prominent enough to be recognized and compared.Science of science education lacks unified and clear ideological guidance and overall planning.(2) The dispersion of science of science teaching affects the centralized and directional training of talents.There are too few branches of science and the construction of teaching materials lags behind.Science of science education is interspersed in related majors,which affects the concentration,orientation and specialization of science of science talents.(3) The lack of science of science majors and courses affects the accumulation of students.The proportion of science of science related majors and courses is very low,and students are easy to ignore them when upgrading their academic qualifications,which greatly affects the accumulation,scale and quality of science of science students.(4) Lack of disciplinary recognition and influence in science of science.The influence of science and technology policy is obviously stronger than that of science of science subject,and the systematic and specialized education of science of science at all levels is relatively insufficient.For most people who are not engaged in science of science related work,"science of science" is still a relatively unfamiliar term,which will have a negative impact on the development of the discipline,the size of the student pool,and the promotion of the employment of science of science talents.Therefore,some countermeasures are put forward to promote the development of science of science education:(1)Science of science education should always face the major strategic needs of the country.In response to the call of the Party and the state,it always resonates with the science and technology strategies of the Party and the state in different periods,and regards science and technology policy as the initial intention of research throughout.(2) The construction of science of science majors and courses for undergraduates should be strengthened.It is encouraged that some universities set up science of science majors or general courses for undergraduates and compile relevant textbooks as soon as possible.(3) Individualized training of "generalists" and "specialists" in science of science.In response to the needs of discipline construction,talent cultivation,academic research and the law of individual development of students,the concept of individualized training of "generalists" and "specialists" in science of science runs through the whole process of talent cultivation and education.(4) To strengthen the publicity of science of science disciplines.Add science majors to university admissions programs.Encourage universities to offer more general courses of science of science for undergraduates.Additional columns for popularizing science of science knowledge,research achievements and introducing science of science to relevant magazines and newspapers should be set up.(5) Actively learning from each other's experience in the development of relevant universities.In carrying out science of science education,colleges and universities can focus on the experience of science of science development of DUT,and on this basis,combine with their own characteristics and advantages,achieve a rational layout of science of science disciplines,promote the overall design of science of science education and cultivate high-quality science talents.
作者
姜春林
王丽呈
陈悦
JIANG Chunlin;WANG Licheng;CHEN Yue(WISE Lab,Institute of Science of Science and S&T Management,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116085,China)
出处
《科学学与科学技术管理》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期120-130,共11页
Science of Science and Management of S.& T.
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(18BTQ078)。
关键词
科学学
科学学教育
科学学专业
科学学学科发展
science of science
science of science education
science of Science major
scientific of science discipline development
