摘要
【目的】明确参考作物蒸散发(Reference crop evapotranspiration,ET0)计算模型在三江源高寒草原区的适用性,优选出适宜于气象资料模拟的ET0模型。【方法】基于2020-2021年微气象站及称重式蒸渗仪自动观测连续数据,分析高寒草原实际蒸散发(Evapotranspiration,ET)的季节变化趋势,并以实测ET为标准,对FAO 56 Penman‐Monteith、Priestley‐Taylor、Mcloud、Mahringer、Dalton、DeBruin‐Keijman 6种常用ET0估算模型进行适用性评价,以此推演2009-2019年最适ET0变化趋势。【结果】1)季节尺度上,1-8月ET呈上升趋势,8月呈现最高值(3.93 mm/d),9-12月逐渐下降,ET年累积量达到339.66 mm,生长季ET占全年ET的70.49%;2)ET估算值和实测值对比分析表明,PM拟合效果最好(RMSE=0.85 mm/d;MBE=0.49 mm/d;PE=53.17%),更适合该地区ET估算;3)根据PM模型推演ET0变化趋势,发现2008-2014年基本平稳,2015-2019年逐步下降,下降幅度为61.89 mm/a。【结论】6种模型中PM模型估算高寒草原ET0结果最适宜,可为蒸散发从点到面的尺度推广奠定理论基础。
【Objective】In order to clarify the applicability of the reference crop evapotranspiration(ET0)calculation model in the Sanjiangyuan alpine grassland area,an ET0 model suitable for meteorological data simulation was selected.【Method】This study was based on the observated data of micro-weather stations from 2020 to 2021 and the consecutive data of automatic observation by weighing lysimeter to analyzed the seasonal change trend of actual evapotranspiration(ET)in the alpine grassland.With the help of FAO 56 Penman‐Monteith、Priestley‐Taylor、Mcloud、Mahringer、Dalton、DeBruin‐Keijman 6 commonly used ET0 estimation models,the most suitable model for the study area was selected,and the trend of ET0 changes from 2009 to 2019 was deduced.【Result】The results showed the following facts.1)On a seasonal scale,there was an upward trend from January to August,and the highest value is in August(3.93 mm/day).Whereas,there was a gradual decrease from September to December.The annual cumulative amount of ET reached 339.66 mm,and ET in the growing season accounted for 70.49%of the year.2)The comparative analysis results of estimated and measured ET showed that the PM fitting effect was the best(RMSE=0.85 mm/day;MBE=0.49 mm/day;PE=53.17%),which is more suitable for the estimation of ET in the region.3)The ET0 changes from 2009 to 2019 were deduced according to the PM model,which is basically stable from 2008 to 2014,and gradually declines from 2015 to 2019,with a decrease of 61.89 mm/a.【Conclusion】The comprehensive evaluation showed that among the six models,the PM model was the most suitable for estimating ET0 in the alpine steppe,which could lay a theoretical foundation for the promotion of evapotranspiration at the point‐to‐surface scale.
作者
霍莉莉
陈懂懂
贺福全
舒敏
李奇
赵亮
HUO Li-li;CHEN Dong-dong;HE Fu-quan;SHU Min;LI Qi;ZHAO Liang(Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810008,China;Institute of Sanji-angyuan National Park,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining,810008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《草原与草坪》
CAS
CSCD
2023年第1期12-19,共8页
Grassland and Turf
基金
青海省基础研究项目(2021-ZJ-761)
第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK040104)。
关键词
蒸散发
三江源
彭曼模型
适用性研究
evapotranspiration
Sanjiangyuan
FAO 56 Penman‐Monteith model
applicability study
