摘要
为掌握亮壮异蝽Urochela distincta的生物学特性,采用样线调查法和五点取样法等方法,于2009—2021年对幕阜山自然保护区的亮壮异蝽进行连续监测和调查。结果表明:亮壮异蝽在幕阜山1 a 1代,主要分布于海拔1 300 m以上的区域,以成虫在水渠石缝、近水崖缝、树皮裂缝和房屋墙角处越冬;越冬成虫5月中旬开始活动,6月初开始产卵,6月下旬或7月上旬若虫开始活动,8月上中旬为成虫盛发期,10月上旬陆续越冬;该虫可取食豆梨Pyrus calleryana、杜鹃Rhododendron simsii、栎树Quercusspp.、榆树Ulmus pumila、椴树Tiliaspp.、女贞Ligustrum lucidum、乌桕Sapium sebiferum等多种阔叶树的叶片,尤其喜欢在女贞、豆梨上栖息和危害,同一植物嫩叶的受害率均高于生长叶和成熟叶;自2019年以来,幕阜山自然保护区的亮壮异蝽种群数量呈现递减趋势,且存在逐渐向低海拔区域扩散的迹象。研究结果可为监测亮壮异蝽提供参考。
To determine the biological characteristics of Urochela distincta,a variety of methods such as line transect and five point sampling survey were used to continuously monitor and investigate U.distincta in Mufu Mountain Nature Reserve from 2009 to 2021.The results showed that U.distincta had one generation a year,mainly distributed in the areas above 1300 m sea level,and adults overwintered in stone cracks of canals,cliff cracks near water,bark cracks and house corners.Overwintering adults began to move in the middle of May,lay eggs in early June,nymphs started to move in late June or early July,adults peaked in the first and middle of August,and overwintered in early October.It fed leaves of many broad-leaved trees such as Pyrus calleryana,Rhododendron simsii,Quercus spp.,Ulmus pumila,Tilia spp.,Ligustrum lucidum,Sapium sebiferum,and preferred to inhabit and harm L.lucidum and P.calleryana.The damage rate of tender leaves of the same plant was higher than that of growing leaves and mature leaves.The population number of U.distincta had shown a decreasing trend since 2019 and a sign of a gradual spread to lower elevations.The results can provide references for monitoring U.distincta.
作者
胡满花
喻锦秀
邹武
方兴
汤建波
穆莉
HU Manhua;YU Jinxiu;ZOU Wu;FANG Xing;TANG Jianbo;MU Li(Forestry Bureau of Pingjiang County,Pingjiang 414500,China;Hunan Academy of Forestry,Changsha 410004,China)
出处
《中国森林病虫》
2023年第2期21-25,共5页
Forest Pest and Disease
基金
林业生态保护修复及发展专项“湖南省林业有害生物系统防控技术集成及应用”(XLK202166)。
关键词
亮壮异蝽
生物学特性
幕阜山
Urochela distincta
biological characteristics
Mufu Mountain
