摘要
灵芝多糖是灵芝子实体主要的功效成分之一,其在提高免疫力、抗肿瘤、护肝等方面具有显著疗效,为了揭示梯度乙醇沉淀工艺对灵芝多糖结构特征及生物活性的影响,本研究以赤灵芝为原料,采用无水乙醇除杂,热水浸提工艺提取灵芝多糖,采用不同乙醇浓度(40%、50%、60%、70%、80%、90%,V/V))梯度沉淀灵芝多糖,分别得到GLP40、GLP50、GLP60、GLP70、GLP80、GLP90等6个多糖组分,并采用气相色谱-质谱仪、近红外光谱仪、凝胶色谱仪等现代仪器对灵芝多糖组成、官能团特征、分子量分布等结构特征,以及体外抗氧化活性、鼠李糖乳杆菌LGG的生长效果等生物活性进行表征。研究结果表明:6个灵芝多糖组分由鼠李糖、木糖、阿拉伯糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖组成,且以葡萄糖、甘露糖和木糖为主,其中GLP40主要由甘露糖和木糖组成,GLP50、GLP60、GLP70、GLP80和GLP90主要由葡萄糖和甘露糖组成,6个多糖组分中GLP80和GLP90的葡萄糖占比最高。6个灵芝多糖组分在892.9、1048~1084 cm-1等处的典型官能团完整,相互之间无明显差异,皆为β-型葡聚糖构型。6个灵芝多糖组分的分子量存在差异,重均分子量、数均分子量与峰位分子量均呈正相关,GLP40、GLP50、GLP60、GLP70、GLP80、GLP90的分子量范围分别为97~14925、99~49410、98~32030、3614~19589、3614~10795、4385~11084 g/mol,低浓度乙醇下高分子量灵芝多糖优先沉淀。6个多糖组分均具有较强的DPPH自由基清除能力、羟基自由基清除能力和总抗氧化能力,其中GLP90比其他组分具有更强的抗氧化活性。6个灵芝多糖组分均有助于促进鼠李糖乳杆菌LGG的生长。本研究结果为灵芝多糖提取工艺研究及产品开发提供了基础数据支撑。
Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides(GLPs),the main efficacy components of G.lucidum body,have remarkable efficacy in improving immunity,anti-tumor and liver protection and so on.In order to reveal the effect of gradient ethanol precipitation process on the structural characteristics and biological activity of GLPs,the crude GLPs were extracted from G.lucidum body using anhydrous ethanol to removal impurities such as pigments and hot water extraction process.GLPs were classified by gradient ethanol(40%,50%,60%,70%,80%and 90%)precipitation,and 6 GLPs,including GLP40,GLP50,GLP60,GLP70,GLP80 and GLP90,were obtained.The structural features of GLPs such as composition,functional group characteristics,molecular weight distribution,and biological activities such as in vitro antioxidant activity and the growth effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus LGG were characterized by GC-MS,near infrared GC-MS,NIR spectroscopy,gel chroma-tography and other modern instruments.The results showed that the 6 GLPs contained rhamnose,xylose,arabinose,mannose,glucose and galactose,with glucose,mannose and xylose predominating,GLP40 mainly consisted of mannose and xylose,GLP50,GLP60,GLP70,GLP80 and GLP90 mainly consisted of glucose and mannose,and the highest percentage of glucose was found in GLP80 and GLP90.The typical functional groups of the 6 GLPs fractions at 892.9 cm-1,1048-1084 cm-1,etc.were intact and did not differ significantly from each other,and all of them wereβ-type glucan conformations.The molecular weight of the 6 GLPs was different,and the heavy average molecular weight,number average molecular weight and peak molecular weight showed positive correlations.97-14925,99-49410,98-32030,3614-19589,3614-10795,4385-11084 g/mol,with preferential precipitation of high molecular weight GLPs at low ethanol concentrations.6 GLPs had stronger DPPH radical scavenging ability,hydroxyl radical scavenging ability,and total antioxidant capacity,and GLP90 had stronger antioxidant activity than the other fractions.The 6 GLPs helped to promote the growth of L.rhamnosus LGG.The above findings would provide data support for the study of GLPs extraction process and product development.
作者
陆建能
麦碧仪
刘义军
赵雨诗
陈云兰
林丽静
周大圣
张明
LU Jianneng;MAI Biyi;LIU Yijun;ZHAO Yushi;CHEN Yunlan;LIN Lijing;ZHOU Dasheng;ZHANG Ming(Agricultural Products Processing Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory of Storage&Processing of Fruits and Vegetables,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524001,China;Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Prod-ucts Processing,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524001,China;College of Tropical Crops Sci-ence,Yunnan Agricultural University,Pu’er,Yunnan 650201,China;Chunqiu Fuzheng(Guangdong)Health Management Co.,Ltd.,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524033,China;Institute of Microbiology,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510030,China)
出处
《热带作物学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期816-824,共9页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
基金
海南省自然科学基金青年基金项目(No.320QN326)
广东省科技创新战略专项资金项目(No.2021A101,No.2021A05217)。
关键词
灵芝
乙醇
梯度沉淀
多糖
理化特性
Ganoderma lucidum
ethanol
gradient precipitation
polysaccharide
physical and chemical characteristics
