摘要
全球大气温度的不断升高带来大范围的降水不平衡。为探究气温升高和干旱互作对灵武长枣根区土壤酶活性和土壤微生物的影响,以6年生灵武长枣为对象,采用开顶气室(OTC)控制大气温度环境和水肥一体自动化灌溉控制系统控制土壤含水量,测定了灵武长枣当年生长发育期结束后树体根区土壤脲酶、转化酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶活性和土壤微生物数量,并分析其功能多样性。结果表明,大气温度升高2℃时显著提高了灵武长枣根区土壤酶活性,而随着干旱程度的加剧酶活性显著下降,且干旱抑制了气温升高对酶活性的提升作用,土壤微生物数量随着土壤酶活性的增加而增加。温度升高2℃时,灵武长枣根区土壤微生物碳源代谢活性显著提高,干旱的加剧则降低其活性,土壤微生物Shannon指数、McIntosh指数和Simpson指数增加,而随着干旱程度的进一步加剧,这些指数却出现减少的趋势。六大类碳源中,糖类、酸类和氨基酸类碳源是灵武长枣根区土壤微生物群落利用并转化的主要碳源。大气温度升高2℃对灵武长枣根区土壤酶活性及微生物数量均有促进作用,并且微生物群落多样性、活性及碳源利用率均明显增加,而干旱则起到抑制作用。大气温度与干旱交互处理下,干旱缓解了气温升高对土壤微生物活性及其功能多样性的影响。对土壤微生物群落代谢特征起分异作用的主要碳源类型是糖类、酸类和氨基酸类,其中以糖类最为突出。
The increasing global atmospheric temperature has brought about large-scale of precipitation imbalance.In order to explore the effect of temperature rise and drought on soil enzyme activity and soil microorganism in the root zone of‘Lingwuchangzao’,6-year-old‘Lingwuchangzao’plants were used,taking an open-top-chamber(OTC)to control the air temperature,the automatic irrigation control system and the soil water level,the activities of soil urease,invertase,alkaline phosphatase,catalase and the number of soil microorganisms in the root zone of‘Lingwuchangzao’were measured after the growth development period of the same year,and the functional diversity were analyzed.The results showed that the soil enzyme activities in root zone of‘Lingwuchangzao’were significantly increased by elevated air-temperature of 2℃,but which were decreased with the aggravation of drought degree,and drought inhibited the improvement of soil enzyme activities by increasing of the air temperature.The number of soil microorganisms was increased with the increase of soil enzyme activity.When the air temperature was increased by 2°C,the metabolic activity of soil microbial carbon source in the root zone of‘Lingwuchangzao’was significantly increased.However,the activity was decreased with the aggravation of drought,and the Shannon index,McIntosh index and Simpson index were increased,while the indexes tended to decrease with the aggravation of drought.Among the six types of carbon sources,carbohydrates,acids and amino acids carbon were the main cabon sources used and transformed by the soil microbial community in the root zone of‘Lingwuchangzao’.The increase of air temperature by 2℃ promoted the activities of soil enzymes and microbial population,and the diversity,activity and carbon source utilization of microbial community were increased significantly,while drought inhibited the activities.Under the interaction of air temperature and drought,drought alleviated the effects of temperature increase on the soil microbial activity and functional diversity.Carbohydrate,acid and amino acid were the main carbon sources that differentiated the metabolic characteristics of soil microbial community,and carbohydrate was the most prominent.
作者
李娜
程楠
马春灵
韩雅茹
陆晖
宋丽华
LI Na;CHENG Nan;MA Chunling;HAN Yaru;LU Hui;SONG Lihua(School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021)
出处
《安徽农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
2023年第2期326-334,共9页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural University
基金
国家自然科学基金(32160360)资助。
关键词
气温升高
干旱
灵武长枣
土壤酶
土壤微生物
elevated temperature
drought
Ziziphus jujuba Mill cv.‘Lingwuchangzao’
soil enzyme
soil microorganism
